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	<title>agflation &amp;laquo; WordPress.com Tag Feed</title>
	<link>http://wordpress.com/tag/agflation/</link>
	<description>Feed of posts on WordPress.com tagged "agflation"</description>
	<pubDate>Sat, 05 Jul 2008 20:31:20 +0000</pubDate>

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<title><![CDATA[Guardian: Suppressed World Bank report: Biofuels have forced global food prices up by 75%, (&amp; ahead of the G8 summit).]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/2008/07/04/guardian-suppressed-world-bank-report-biofuels-have-forced-global-food-prices-up-by-75-ahead-of-the-g8-summit/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 04 Jul 2008 10:53:29 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/2008/07/04/guardian-suppressed-world-bank-report-biofuels-have-forced-global-food-prices-up-by-75-ahead-of-the-g8-summit/</guid>
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Picture from Rueters.




Protesters in Japan ahead of the G8 summit which is due to start on Sunda]]></description>
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<p>Picture from Rueters.</p>
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<h4>Protesters in Japan ahead of the G8 summit which is due to start on Sunday.<br />
The summit is expected to focus on the environment and food prices, amongst other things.</h4>
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<h4>This report has been suppressed due to fear of embarrassing Bush!<br />
Does the report make Bush's biofuel policy a crime against humanity, probably not, because Europe is also complicit in this, even if it should.<br />
Alarm bells are ringing everywhere about food prices!<br />
I wonder how much fuel the US military uses.<br />
I also wonder if Bush will be allowed to remain in power even if only for a few more months.<br />
This Admin looks like it is anti life!<br />
And what about the supposed neutrality of the World Bank?<br />
Well it is par for the course.</p>
<blockquote><p>Biofuels have forced global food prices up by 75% - far more than previously estimated - according to a confidential World Bank report obtained by the Guardian.</p>
<p>The damning unpublished assessment is based on the most detailed analysis of the crisis so far, carried out by an internationally-respected economist at [the] global financial body.</p>
<p>The figure emphatically contradicts the US government's claims that plant-derived fuels contribute less than 3% to food-price rises. It will add to pressure on governments in Washington and across Europe, which have turned to plant-derived fuels to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and reduce their dependence on imported oil.</p>
<p>Senior development sources believe the report, completed in April, has not been published to avoid embarrassing President George Bush.</p>
<p>"It would put the World Bank in a political hot-spot with the White House," said one yesterday.</p></blockquote>
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<blockquote><p>The news comes at a critical point in the world's negotiations on biofuels policy. Leaders of the G8 industrialised countries meet next week in Hokkaido, Japan, where they will discuss the food crisis and come under intense lobbying from campaigners calling for a moratorium on the use of plant-derived fuels.</p>
<p>It will also put pressure on the British government, which is due to release its own report on the impact of biofuels, the Gallagher Report. The Guardian has previously reported that the British study will state that plant fuels have played a "significant" part in pushing up food prices to record levels. Although it was expected last week, the report has still not been released.</p>
<p>"Political leaders seem intent on suppressing and ignoring the strong evidence that biofuels are a major factor in recent food price rises," said Robert Bailey, policy adviser at Oxfam. "It is imperative that we have the full picture. While politicians concentrate on keeping industry lobbies happy, people in poor countries cannot afford enough to eat."</p>
<p>Rising food prices have pushed 100m people worldwide below the poverty line, estimates the World Bank, and have sparked riots from Bangladesh to Egypt. Government ministers here have described higher food and fuel prices as "the first real economic crisis of globalisation".</p>
<p>President Bush has linked higher food prices to higher demand from India and China, but the leaked World Bank study disputes that: "Rapid income growth in developing countries has not led to large increases in global grain consumption and was not a major factor responsible for the large price increases."</p>
<p>Even successive droughts in Australia, calculates the report, have had a marginal impact. Instead, it argues that the EU and US drive for biofuels has had by far the biggest impact on food supply and prices.</p>
<p>Since April, all petrol and diesel in Britain has had to include 2.5% from biofuels. The EU has been considering raising that target to 10% by 2020, but is faced with mounting evidence that that will only push food prices higher.</p>
<p>"Without the increase in biofuels, global wheat and maize stocks would not have declined appreciably and price increases due to other factors would have been moderate," says the report. The basket of food prices examined in the study rose by 140% between 2002 and this February. The report estimates that higher energy and fertiliser prices accounted for an increase of only 15%, while biofuels have been responsible for a 75% jump over that period.</p>
<p>It argues that production of biofuels has distorted food markets in three main ways. First, it has diverted grain away from food for fuel, with over a third of US corn now used to produce ethanol and about half of vegetable oils in the EU going towards the production of biodiesel. Second, farmers have been encouraged to set land aside for biofuel production.<br />
Third, it has sparked financial speculation in grains, driving prices up higher.</p>
<p>Other reviews of the food crisis looked at it over a much longer period, or have not linked these three factors, and so arrived at smaller estimates of the impact from biofuels. But the report author, Don Mitchell, is a senior economist at the Bank and has done a detailed, month-by-month analysis of the surge in food prices, which allows much closer examination of the link between biofuels and food supply.</p>
<p>The report points out biofuels derived from sugarcane, which Brazil specializes in, have not had such a dramatic impact.</p>
<p>Supporters of biofuels argue that they are a greener alternative to relying on oil and other fossil fuels, but even that claim has been disputed by some experts, who argue that it does not apply to US production of ethanol from plants.</p>
<p>"It is clear that some biofuels have huge impacts on food prices," said Dr David King, the government's former chief scientific adviser, last night. "All we are doing by supporting these is subsidising higher food prices, while doing nothing to tackle climate change."</p></blockquote>
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<p><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/jul/03/biofuels.renewableenergy">www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/jul/03/biofuels.renewableenergy</a></p>
<p>H/T <a href="http://www.whatreallyhappened.com">whatreallyhappened</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Speigel: Graph; food crises protests and restrictions]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=535</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 09 Jun 2008 19:52:35 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=535</guid>
<description><![CDATA[








Source of image: http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,grossbild-1149977-547198,]]></description>
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<td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,grossbild-1149977-547198,00.html" target="_blank"></a></p>
<p style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,grossbild-1149977-547198,00.html" target="_blank"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://morris108.wordpress.com/files/2008/06/food5.jpg? alt=" alt="" /></a></p>
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<p>Source of image: <a href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,grossbild-1149977-547198,00.html" target="_blank">http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,grossbild-1149977-547198,00.html</a></p>
<p>The link only leads to the image Not the story.</p>
<p>The Image was published at the end of April</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Natural News: The Economics of World Hunger, explained]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=533</link>
<pubDate>Mon, 09 Jun 2008 19:36:27 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=533</guid>
<description><![CDATA[



Source: http://www.naturalnews.com/023387.html
See also : http://foodcrisis.wordpress.com/



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<td style="text-align:center;"><a href="http://www.naturalnews.com/023387.html" target="_blank"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-532" src="http://morris108.wordpress.com/files/2008/06/nat.jpg" alt="" width="389" height="745" /></a></p>
<p>Source: <a href="http://www.naturalnews.com/023387.html" target="_blank">http://www.naturalnews.com/023387.html</a></p>
<p>See also : <a href="http://foodcrisis.wordpress.com/" target="_blank">http://foodcrisis.wordpress.com/</a></td>
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<title><![CDATA[Asia Times: Food Crises]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=188</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2008 19:06:36 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=188</guid>
<description><![CDATA[
 
 
 
Rice, death and the dollar
By Spengler
The global food crisis is a monetary phenomenon, an]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://morris108.wordpress.com/files/2008/03/masthead.gif"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-29" src="http://morris108.wordpress.com/files/2008/03/masthead.gif" alt="" width="180" height="69" /></a></p>
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<p><strong>Rice, death and the dollar<br />
</strong>By Spengler</p>
<p><a href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/JD22Dj01.html" target="_blank">The global food crisis is a monetary phenomenon, an unintended consequence of America's attempt to inflate its way out of a market failure.</a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/JD22Dj01.html">http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/JD22Dj01.html</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Wall Street Journal: Stock up on Food]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=187</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2008 19:03:00 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=187</guid>
<description><![CDATA[
 
 
R.O.I.
By BRETT ARENDS
Load Up the Pantry
April 21, 2008 6:47 p.m.
I don&#8217;t want to alar]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://morris108.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/mainwsjlogowhite.gif"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-186" src="http://morris108.wordpress.com/files/2008/04/mainwsjlogowhite.gif" alt="" width="400" height="60" /></a></p>
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<p> </p>
<tbody>R.O.I.</tbody>
<p>By BRETT ARENDS<!--       ID: SB120881517227532621.djm --><!--    LEVEL: normal --><!--     TYPE: ROI --><!-- DISPLAY-NAME: R.O.I. --><!-- PUBLICATION: "The Wall Street Journal Interactive Edition" --><!--     DATE: 2008-04-21 18:47 --><!--     COPY: Dow Jones &#38; Company, Inc. --><!--  ORIG-ID:  --><!-- article start --><!-- CODE=SUBJECT		SYMBOL=OEDP CODE=SUBJECT		SYMBOL=OMKM CODE=SUBJECT		SYMBOL=OPCN --></p>
<h1 class="articleTitle" style="margin:0;"><a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120881517227532621.html" target="_blank">Load Up the Pantry<br />
<span class="aTime"><em><span style="font-size:x-small;color:#666666;">April 21, 2008 6:47 p.m.</span></em></span></a></h1>
<p class="times"><a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120881517227532621.html" target="_blank">I don't want to alarm anybody, but maybe it's time for Americans to start stockpiling food.</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Agflation: Agroinflación]]></title>
<link>http://ciudadanodiario.wordpress.com/?p=62</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2008 15:18:46 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>ciudadanodiario</dc:creator>
<guid>http://ciudadanodiario.wordpress.com/?p=62</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Vía: Mirá
Agflation, término acuñado a finales de 2000, que describe la inflación generalizada ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Vía: <a href="http://www.juliangallo.com.ar/" target="_blank">Mirá</a></em></p>
<p>Agflation, término acuñado a finales de 2000, que describe la inflación generalizada provocada por los aumentos en los precios de los productos agrícolas. Se ha afirmado que el término fue inventado por los analistas de Merrill Lynch a principios de 2007.</p>
<p>La enciclopedia <a href="http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/agflation.asp" target="_blank">Investopedia</a> dice:</p>
<p>¿Qué significa Agflation? Es un aumento en el precio de los alimentos que se produce como resultado de un aumento de la demanda de consumo humano y su uso como recurso energético alternativo. Aunque la competencia de los supermercados minoristas permite que algunos de los efectos de la agflation sean absorbidos, el aumento de los precios en gran medida repercuten sobre el consumidor final. El término deriva de una combinación de las palabras “agricultura” e “inflación”.</p>
<p>Investopedia Analiza: El interés por las energías alternativas contribuye a crear agflation. Con el fin de producir biocarburantes (como el biodiesel y el etanol), los fabricantes de alimentos tienen la necesidad de utilizar productos tales como soja y maíz. Esto crea mayor demanda de esos productos, lo que provoca al fin que sus precios aumenten.</p>
<p>Desafortunadamente, estos aumentos de precios se extienden también a otros productos no relacionados con el combustible de granos (como el arroz y el trigo). Con el tiempo, la agflation afecta además a otros alimentos no vegetales, como los huevos, la carne y los lácteos.</p>
<p><a href="http://ciudadanodiario.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/tsunami-economist.jpg"><img class="alignnone size-medium wp-image-63" src="http://ciudadanodiario.wordpress.com/files/2008/04/tsunami-economist.jpg?w=227" alt="" width="227" height="300" /></a></p>
<p>La tapa del último número de <a href="http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11050146" target="_blank">The Economist</a> es inquietante. Su título habla de un tsunami silencioso. Algo inmenso y destructivo que está pasando y no estamos escuchando. El hambre generalizada amenaza ahora a gran parte de la población del planeta. La imagen catastrófica pertenece a Josette Sheeran (Directora ejecutiva del Programa Mundial de Alimentos de las Naciones Unidas). Quiere describir una ola inflacionaria sobre los alimentos que se mueve cruzando el mundo con capacidad de destruir a poblaciones enteras, como un verdadero tsunami.</p>
<p><!--more--></p>
<p>Se atribuye el salto de los precios a distintos factores. La incorporación al mercado de alimentos de enormes poblaciones en China e India. Una sequía en Australia (durante 2007 casi no llovió), sequías en Canadá, heladas y lluvias en Estados Unidos… También, al vuelco energético de los países desarrollados hacia los biocombustibles (una nota publicada en clarín económico, no disponible en la web, explica muy bien estas causas). Al parecer producir combustibles con granos podría ser la motivación principal de la creciente inflación mundial. En esa nota de Clarín, el economista y viceministro Jorge Tedesca, trae desde el pasado el nombre de Thomas Malthus, quién en el siglo XVIII advirtió un cataclismo alimentario en su escandaloso “<a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensayo_sobre_el_principio_de_la_poblaci%C3%B3n" target="_blank">Ensayo sobre el principio de la población</a>”, donde susu afirmación principal es: “<em>Mientras la población crece de manera geométrica, los alimentos lo hacen en una progresión aritmética</em>”. Es decir, según Malthus, tarde o temprano la humanidad alcanzaría un punto donde no podría subsistir.</p>
<p>Para desmentir a Malthus las tecnologías de producción de alimentos han permitido hasta hoy desarrollar una velocidad producción también geométrica. El tsunami del que habla The Economist sería entonces distinto a la idea de Malthus. No es que los alimentos no alcanzan, no es que no son suficientes los medios de subsistencia.<strong> </strong><em>Es la inflación</em>. De seguir desarrollándose sobre los alimentos, la inflación matará a gran parte del mundo de una manera distinta a la que imaginó Malthus, pero igualmente letal.</p>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p>-<br />
Link Wikipedia <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agflation">Agflation</a></p>
<p>Link Investopedia <a href="http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/agflation.asp" target="_blank">Agflation</a></p>
<p>Link The Economist “<a href="http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=11050146"><span style="color:#cf6317;">The silent tsunami”</span></a></p>
<p>Link Wikipedia <a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Malthus"><span style="color:#cf6317;">“Thomas Malthus”</span></a></p>
<p>Link Wikipedia <a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensayo_sobre_el_principio_de_la_poblaci%C3%B3n"><span style="color:#cf6317;">“Ensayo sobre el principio de la población”</span></a></p>
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<p> </p>
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<title><![CDATA[FOOD PRICES GONNA SOAR SOME MORE]]></title>
<link>http://brothermartin.wordpress.com/?p=333</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 16 Apr 2008 05:52:01 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>brothermartin</dc:creator>
<guid>http://brothermartin.wordpress.com/?p=333</guid>
<description><![CDATA[


Agflation: more than just hunger pangs


By  Paul Murphy  on   Sunday, April  6 , 2008










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<td style="padding-top:20px;padding-left:3px;" width="630"><em><span style="color:#cc0000;font-size:x-small;"><strong>By  Paul Murphy  on   Sunday, April  6 , 2008</strong></span></em></td>
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<div><em>Here’s what will be a new word to some people: “agflation”. Yes, it’s a bit clumsy and jargony – a conflation of agriculture and inflation, and a rough variation on “stagflation”, the period of rising prices and falling gross domestic product that Britain in particular experienced in the 1970s. But it is a word we should all get used to because it will be uttered with increasing frequency over the coming weeks and months.</em></div>
<div><em><br />
Agflation, of course, is the label applied to the shocking increases in the prices of basic food stuffs that have come in bursts over the past two years or so. In the West we saw it first in orange juice and then milk. There was a global ripple when the price of wheat suddenly rocketed, followed by maize and vegetable oil. And then in China, when the price of meat and chicken jumped, the realisation began to dawn that this phenomena really would have far reaching consequences.</em></div>
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<p><a title="more" href="http://www.business24-7.ae/cs/article_show_mainh1_story.aspx?HeadlineID=5076" target="_blank">more</a></p>
<h4>meanwhile, in China, the stage is being set for another shock to the food system:</h4>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"><strong> BEIJING - A drought in China's northeast Liaoning province has left nearly 700,000 people without drinking water after rainfall in the first three months of 2008 tumbled to one-fifth levels last year, the Xinhua agency said on Sunday. </strong></span></em></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;">
<p><em><br />
<span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"> The area is a top grain producer, and maize and rice farming is due to begin next week, but from January to the end of March it had got less than 2 centimetres (less than an inch) of rain. </span></em></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"> Some 66 reservoirs have dried up, but the area has raised cash to build 1,700 new wells and expand and upgrade water conservation systems to try and ensure spring planting can go ahead, Xinhua said, citing local sources. </span></em></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"> China's weather administration said in early April that drought parching other parts of northern China was the worst in several decades and would continue this month. </span></em></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"> Drought and floods are perennial problems in China, which has per capita water resources that are well below the global average. Its meteorologists have said global climate change is exacerbating extreme weather, including droughts. </span></em></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"> About 30 million Chinese in the countryside and more than 20 million in urban areas face drinking water shortages every year despite huge government investment to address the problem. </span></em></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><em><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"> Across China, by March 26, 19.4 million hectares (48 million acres) of arable land had been hit by the drought, including 3.3 million hectares (8.15 million acres) of cropland. </span></em></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><span style="font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;color:#000000;"> (Reporting by Emma Graham-Harrison; Editing by Bill Tarrant)</span></p>
<p style="padding-left:30px;"><a title="original" href="http://www.planetark.org/dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/47925/story.htm" target="_blank">original</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[Food Crisis, Alarm bells ringing.]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/2008/04/15/food-crisis-alarm-bells-ringing/</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 15 Apr 2008 09:09:57 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/2008/04/15/food-crisis-alarm-bells-ringing/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Food crises,
Over the last week, there has not been a major publication that has not featured the gr]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Food crises,</p>
<p>Over the last week, there has not been a major publication that has not featured the growing global food scarcities.</p>
<p>Compared to food, all other issues are irrelevant.</p>
<p>I can imagine large vehicles being attacked, because their fuel hunger is inflating the price of food, through biofuel's grain requirements.</p>
<p>Democracy and capitalism, will have no significance, and society's paid guards of soldiers and police will blur into humans.</p>
<p>Perhaps it will herald the end of centralisation and large conglomerates, maybe we will reenter the world of small communities.</p>
<p>Anyway the alarm bells are ringing everywhere, even with Global warming there are dissenters and different points of view. But about growing food shortages and a bleak outlook no one is arguing.</p>
<p>All our governments pronouncements will sound more and more empty.</p>
<p>The anger will be focused on Capitalism, from fertilisers degrading land quality, to factories polluting the water, to 'exports' taking the food away.</p>
<p>Holistic health practitioners have been arguing that eating foods when they are out of season that have come from far away is not healthy. It probably is not very efficient, Mono crops like bananas or whatever being grown for export.</p>
<p>We have just lived through a time of abundance with some curious political <!--more--> experiments. It is rapidly coming to a close. The human craving to have faith in a systematic belief, created a zealousness that was out of touch with nature.</p>
<p>So much attention is being paid to China and India's rising consumption, and to meat eating's inefficiency.</p>
<p>Will food scarcity herald the end of the importance of speculators, I think so, currently it is the age of speculators, enshrined in law, stock markets and paper money, futures markets and middlemen.</p>
<p>It's time to locate the local farm.</p>
<p><a href="tonykaron.com/2008/04/14/there-goes-the-washington-consensus/" target="_blank"> There goes the washington consensus </a></p>
<p><a href="http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/0,1518,547198,00.html" target="_blank">Der Spiegel</a></p>
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<title><![CDATA[IMF head gives food price warning ]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/2008/04/13/imf-head-gives-food-price-warning/</link>
<pubDate>Sun, 13 Apr 2008 09:11:47 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/2008/04/13/imf-head-gives-food-price-warning/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[The BBC and the IMF have made this a top news story.
Two pillars of the establishment. Who normally ]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The BBC and the IMF have made this a top news story.</p>
<p>Two pillars of the establishment. Who normally champion a 'business as usual' approach. They are now ringing alarm bells. It would seem we are on the threshold of massive change. </p>
<p>The challenge will crystalize into a choice between material desires and food. The food being compassion, the material being self interest.
</p>
<p>
It raises more questions: population growth, Islam, Judaism and Catholicism all enshrine the birth of many children. BTW prior to the old testament, there were fertility cults. So religion will need to take a stance.<br />
Also going organic. When faced with starvation may not be attractive. The dreaded GM?...</p>
<p> And a major culprit to our woes is eating animals, at least 8 times less efficient than growing crops. Plus the amount of methane given off by cows is huge, comparable to the use of fossil fuels <br />
Will we change?<br />
Maybe less beef will mean less wars?
 </p>
<p><a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/7344892.stm" target="_blank"> The head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned that hundreds of thousands of people will face starvation if food prices keep rising.  </a></p>
<p>And he also said: "so it is not only a humanitarian question". Meaning conflict and economic trade.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[The G Effect: Rising Food Prices &amp; Riots]]></title>
<link>http://tntalk.wordpress.com/?p=286</link>
<pubDate>Thu, 10 Apr 2008 15:02:15 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>tntalk</dc:creator>
<guid>http://tntalk.wordpress.com/?p=286</guid>
<description><![CDATA[
Bands of young men carry stick and rocks. The rebels set up burning tires for roadblocks. Mobs loot]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal">
<p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://tntalk.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/food-uprising.jpg"><img class="alignleft size-medium wp-image-287" style="float:left;" src="http://tntalk.wordpress.com/files/2008/04/food-uprising.jpg" alt="" width="194" height="176" /></a>Bands of young men carry stick and rocks. The rebels set up burning tires for roadblocks. Mobs loot warehouses, stores and government offices. Gunfire rings out through upscale neighborhoods and slums alike. Helicopters circle in the air as black smoke fills the city from burning tires.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Welcome to a new effect of globalization and panic policy, the food war.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Global food prices are up 40% on average for the last nine months and people aren’t happy. Nationals of Haiti are unhappy about food prices because they earn less than $2 a day. Similar problems with pricing exist worldwide.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">U.N peacekeepers are on the scene in Haiti. President Preval has told<!--more--> Haiti citizens to go home. “The solution is not to go around destroying stores. I'm giving you orders to stop."</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">
<p class="MsoNormal">Haiti's U.S.-backed president, Rene Preval, urged the U.S. Congress to cut food taxes in his first public address about high food prices.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">High prices are stirring unrest from Vietnam to Egypt. In Ivory Coast last week, women rioted with one person dead. Farmers have been arrested for hoarding surpluses. The UN International Fund for Agriculture predicts food riots will become common on the world scene. Rising food prices are acute in Asia and Africa, where the cost of food takes a chunk out of family income. The problem is more acute because more people live in cities than ever before.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The UN World Food Program feeds nearly 89 million destitute people. As usual, money is in short supply and will run out by May 1.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In Haiti, imports have decimated local production of rice which has compounded the food crisis. The same policies have damaged agricultural production in other countries. Farm subsidies in many nations have destroyed production values.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In the U.S. and Europe, a rush created by governments to devote more farmland to growing bio-fuels has simply fueled higher prices with little benefit otherwise. In the U.S. alone, 18% of grain production is being used to make ethanol, enough food to feed 250 million people. Meanwhile, less money has been invested in agricultural productivity.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The panic over global climate change has created additional pressure on the United Nations. The U.N. Secretary General is suggesting a review of climate policies to quell international anxiety. Freak weather has played into the crisis. The U.N. blames industrialization and urbanizing of nations as well as the need to create better irrigation and better grain seed. Through panic measures designed empower and create change, the U.N. is creating its own kind of "Soylent Green".</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dramatic changes in the global economy, i.e., globalization include higher oil prices and lower food reserves topped by growing demand in China and India.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">A revolution of the hungry is in place with no solution in sight. This is worse than poverty.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Food abundance is history]]></title>
<link>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=99</link>
<pubDate>Wed, 09 Apr 2008 18:44:51 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>morris108</dc:creator>
<guid>http://morris108.wordpress.com/?p=99</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Food abundance is not true anymore for a variety of reasons, I made a posting 2 days ago .
It was th]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Food abundance is not true anymore for a variety of reasons, I made a posting 2 days ago .<br />
It was the discovery after the second world war, that the ingredients for gun powder were useful as fertilizer  that started modern Industrialised agriculture.<br />
Rice prices have gone up %50 in the last two weeks. Six countries have instituted export restrictions on rice: Already China, India, Egypt, Vietnam and Cambodia have imposed tariffs or export bans<br />
Tony Karon speculates that food riots are  the missing link for the downfall of unpopular regimes. ..."revolutions succeed precisely in that moment when the soldiers and policemen paid to defend the existing order look into the eyes of the enemy confronting them, on the streets, and they see themselves, their families and neighbors, and the states power to enforce its rule evaporates."<br />
And he is talking about Egypt.<br />
Hell with capitalism flailing all over the place, maybe food shortages will cunjur up a new way, a new system of exchange. Free trade has its limits. And food supplies will be the first to be protected. The first to cause civil unrest, and that means people questioning the system.<br />
Let us not forget, part of macrobiotic eating is; to eat food that is grown locally. It is healthier.<br />
The EU is already reappraising its BIoFuel program.</p>
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<title><![CDATA[As prices rise in China food aid to North Korea falls]]></title>
<link>http://koreafiles.wordpress.com/?p=19</link>
<pubDate>Tue, 26 Feb 2008 15:04:04 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>koreafiles</dc:creator>
<guid>http://koreafiles.wordpress.com/?p=19</guid>
<description><![CDATA[World food prices has risen dramatically over the last period and moves on to affect even reclusive]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>World food prices has risen dramatically over the last period and moves on to affect even reclusive North Korea. Globally, China may hold the key to world food prices (Jing Ulrich, <a href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/935d9634-8d56-11dc-a398-0000779fd2ac,dwp_uuid=a955630e-3603-11dc-ad42-0000779fd2ac.html?from=food_multimedia">here</a>), but biofuels (IMF, <a href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/survey/so/2007/RES1017A.htm">here</a>) and poor harvests also play significant roles (see also this great <a href="http://www.ft.com/foodprices">FT site on food prices</a>). As China takes the world on a ride of agflation (the Economist, <a href="http://www.economist.com/printedition/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=10250420">here</a>), or simply stops exporting deflation, this also shows how North Korea is in it with the rest of us - or at least the less well off parts of the world.</p>
<p>A Hankyoreh article (<a href="http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_international/261246.html">here</a>) says up until now an average of 1,200 tons of food has crossed the border at Dandung, <a href="http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/data/province/liaoning.html">Liaoning Province</a>, daily! As of 2008 the Chinese government has not issued any new export permissions. The article says 80 to 90 per cent of Chinese food aid, which has now completely stopped, used to pass through Dandung.</p>
<p>For food aid in general, the <a href="http://www.wfp.org/">World Food Programme</a> fears cut in assistance, and the <a href="http://www.fao.org/">Food and Agriculture Organisation</a> estimates poor countries will have to pay 35 per cent more for their cereals imports (<a href="http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/451604c4-e30b-11dc-803f-0000779fd2ac,dwp_uuid=a955630e-3603-11dc-ad42-0000779fd2ac.html">here</a>). The only benefactors of the rising food prices must be the protected South Korean farmers whose products will seem a little bit less expensive as consumers lately (2004-06) have paid more than two and a half times the prices on world markets (OECD, <a href="http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/13/60/39579582.pdf">here</a>).</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Agflation:  Food prices - The end of cheap food (The Economist)]]></title>
<link>http://desertification.wordpress.com/2007/12/08/agflation-food-prices-the-end-of-cheap-food-the-economist/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 08 Dec 2007 11:50:56 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>willem van cotthem</dc:creator>
<guid>http://desertification.wordpress.com/2007/12/08/agflation-food-prices-the-end-of-cheap-food-the-economist/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Read at : Economist.com
http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10252015
 Food pr]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read at : Economist.com</p>
<p><a href="http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10252015" target="_blank">http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10252015</a></p>
<p align="center"><font color="#ff0000"><strong> Food prices - The end of cheap food<br />
</strong></font></p>
<p align="justify"><strong>Rising food prices are a threat to many; they also present the world with an enormous opportunity</strong></p>
<p align="justify">&#160;</p>
<p align="justify">FOR as long as most people can remember, food has been getting cheaper and farming has been in decline. In 1974-2005 food prices on world markets fell by three-quarters in real terms. Food today is so cheap that the West is battling gluttony even as it scrapes piles of half-eaten leftovers into the bin. That is why this year's price rise has been so extraordinary. Since the spring, wheat prices have doubled and almost every crop under the sun—maize, milk, oilseeds, you name it—is at or near a peak in nominal terms. <em>The Economist</em>'s food-price index is higher today than at any time since it was created in 1845 (see chart). Even in real terms, prices have jumped by 75% since 2005. No doubt farmers will meet higher prices with investment and more production, but dearer food is likely to persist for years (see <a href="http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10250420">article</a>). That is because “<strong>agflation</strong>” is underpinned by long-running changes in diet that accompany the growing wealth of emerging economies—the Chinese consumer who ate 20kg (44lb) of meat in 1985 will scoff over 50kg of the stuff this year. That in turn pushes up demand for grain: it takes 8kg of grain to produce one of beef. But the rise in prices is also the self-inflicted result of America's reckless ethanol subsidies. This year biofuels will take a third of America's (record) maize harvest. That affects food markets directly: fill up an <span class="scaps">SUV</span>'s fuel tank with ethanol and you have used enough maize to feed a person for a year. And it affects them indirectly, as farmers switch to maize from other crops. The 30m tonnes of extra maize going to ethanol this year amounts to half the fall in the world's overall grain stocks.<!--more--></p>
<p align="justify">&#160;</p>
<p align="justify">Dearer food has the capacity to do enormous good and enormous harm. It will hurt urban consumers, especially in poor countries, by increasing the price of what is already the most expensive item in their household budgets. It will benefit farmers and agricultural communities by increasing the rewards of their labour; in many poor rural places it will boost the most important source of jobs and economic growth.</p>
<p align="justify">&#160;</p>
<p align="justify">Although the cost of food is determined by fundamental patterns of demand and supply, the balance between good and ill also depends in part on governments. If politicians do nothing, or the wrong things, the world faces more misery, especially among the urban poor. If they get policy right, they can help increase the wealth of the poorest nations, aid the rural poor, rescue farming from subsidies and neglect—and minimise the harm to the slum-dwellers and landless labourers. So far, the auguries look gloomy.</p>
<p align="justify"> <a name="in_the_trough"></a></p>
<p><strong>In the trough</strong></p>
<p align="justify">&#160;</p>
<p align="justify">That, at least, is the lesson of half a century of food policy. Whatever the supposed threat—the lack of food security, rural poverty, environmental stewardship—the world seems to have only one solution: government intervention. Most of the subsidies and trade barriers have come at a huge cost. The trillions of dollars spent supporting farmers in rich countries have led to higher taxes, worse food, intensively farmed monocultures, overproduction and world prices that wreck the lives of poor farmers in the emerging markets. And for what? Despite the help, plenty of Western farmers have been beset by poverty. Increasing productivity means you need fewer farmers, which steadily drives the least efficient off the land. Even a vast subsidy cannot reverse that.</p>
<p align="justify">&#160;</p>
<p align="justify">With agflation, policy has reached a new level of self-parody. Take America's supposedly verdant ethanol subsidies. It is not just that they are supporting a relatively dirty version of ethanol (far better to import Brazil's sugar-based liquor); they are also offsetting older grain subsidies that lowered prices by encouraging overproduction. Intervention multiplies like lies. Now countries such as Russia and Venezuela have imposed price controls—an aid to consumers—to offset America's aid to ethanol producers. Meanwhile, high grain prices are persuading people to clear forests to plant more maize.</p>
<p align="justify">&#160;</p>
<p align="justify"> Dearer food is a chance to break this dizzying cycle. Higher market prices make it possible to reduce subsidies without hurting incomes. A farm bill is now going through America's Congress. The European Union has promised a root-and-branch review (not yet reform) of its farm-support scheme. The reforms of the past few decades have, in fact, grappled with the rich world's farm programmes—but only timidly. Now comes the chance for politicians to show that they are serious when they say they want to put agriculture right.</p>
<p align="justify">&#160;</p>
<p align="justify"> Cutting rich-world subsidies and trade barriers would help taxpayers; it could revive the stalled Doha round of world trade talks, boosting the world economy; and, most important, it would directly help many of the world's poor. In terms of economic policy, it is hard to think of a greater good.</p>
<p align="justify"><strong>Where government help is really needed</strong><br />
...................</p>
<p>(continued)</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Agflation : Food prices - Cheap no more (The Economist)]]></title>
<link>http://desertification.wordpress.com/2007/12/08/agflation-food-prices-cheap-no-more-the-economist/</link>
<pubDate>Sat, 08 Dec 2007 11:41:33 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>willem van cotthem</dc:creator>
<guid>http://desertification.wordpress.com/2007/12/08/agflation-food-prices-cheap-no-more-the-economist/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[Read at : Economist.com
http://www.economist.com/printedition/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=10250420
Foo]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read at : Economist.com</p>
<p><a href="http://www.economist.com/printedition/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=10250420" target="_blank">http://www.economist.com/printedition/displayStory.cfm?Story_ID=10250420</a></p>
<p align="center"><font color="#ff0000"><strong>Food prices - Cheap no more<br />
</strong></font></p>
<p align="justify"><strong>Rising incomes in Asia and ethanol subsidies in America have put an end to a long era of falling food prices</strong></p>
<p>ONE of the odder features of last weekend's vote in Venezuela was that staple foods were in short supply. Something similar happened in Russia before its parliamentary election. Governments in both oil-rich countries had imposed controls on food prices, with the usual consequences. Such controls have been surprisingly widespread—a knee-jerk response to one of the most remarkable changes that food markets, indeed any markets, have seen for years: the end of cheap food. In early September the world price of wheat rose to over $400 a tonne, the highest ever recorded. In May it had been around $200. Though in real terms its price is far below the heights it scaled in 1974, it is still twice the average of the past 25 years. Earlier this year the price of maize (corn) exceeded $175 a tonne, again a world record. It has fallen from its peak, as has that of wheat, but at $150 a tonne is still 50% above the average for 2006. As the price of one crop shoots up, farmers plant it to take advantage, switching land from other uses. So a rise in wheat prices has knock-on effects on other crops. Rice prices have hit records this year, although their rise has been slower. <em>The Economist</em>'s food-price index is now at its highest since it began in 1845, having risen by one-third in the past year.<!--more--></p>
<p>Normally, sky-high food prices reflect scarcity caused by crop failure. Stocks are run down as everyone lives off last year's stores. This year harvests have been poor in some places, notably Australia, where the drought-hit wheat crop failed for the second year running. And world cereals stocks as a proportion of production are the lowest ever recorded. The run-down has been accentuated by the decision of large countries (America and China) to reduce stocks to save money.</p>
<p>Yet what is most remarkable about the present bout of “<strong>agflation</strong>” is that record prices are being achieved at a time not of scarcity but of abundance. According to the International Grains Council, a trade body based in London, this year's total cereals crop will be 1.66 billion tonnes, the largest on record and 89m tonnes more than last year's harvest, another bumper crop. That the biggest grain harvest the world has ever seen is not enough to forestall scarcity prices tells you that something fundamental is affecting the world's demand for cereals.</p>
<p><a name="the_meat_of_the_question"></a><strong>The meat of the question</strong></p>
<p>Two things, in fact. One is increasing wealth in China and India. This is stoking demand for meat in those countries, in turn boosting the demand for cereals to feed to animals. The use of grains for bread, tortillas and chapattis is linked to the growth of the world's population. It has been flat for decades, reflecting the slowing of population growth. But demand for meat is tied to economic growth (see chart 1) and global <span class="scaps">GDP</span> is now in its fifth successive year of expansion at a rate of 4%-plus.<br />
Higher incomes in India and China have made hundreds of millions of people rich enough to afford meat and other foods. In 1985 the average Chinese consumer ate 20kg (44lb) of meat a year; now he eats more than 50kg. China's appetite for meat may be nearing satiation, but other countries are following behind: in developing countries as a whole, consumption of cereals has been flat since 1980, but demand for meat has doubled.</p>
<p>Not surprisingly, farmers are switching, too: they now feed about 200m-250m more tonnes of grain to their animals than they did 20 years ago. That increase alone accounts for a significant share of the world's total cereals crop. Calorie for calorie, you need more grain if you eat it transformed into meat than if you eat it as bread: it takes three kilograms of cereals to produce a kilo of pork, eight for a kilo of beef. So a shift in diet is multiplied many times over in the grain markets. Since the late 1980s an inexorable annual increase of 1-2% in the demand for feedgrains has ratcheted up the overall demand for cereals and pushed up prices.</p>
<p>Because this change in diet has been slow and incremental, it cannot explain the dramatic price movements of the past year. The second change can: the rampant demand for ethanol as fuel for American cars. In 2000 around 15m tonnes of America's maize crop was turned into ethanol; this year the quantity is likely to be around 85m tonnes. America is easily the world's largest maize exporter—and it now uses more of its maize crop for ethanol than it sells abroad.</p>
<p>Ethanol is the dominant reason for this year's increase in grain prices. It accounts for the rise in the price of maize because the federal government has in practice waded into the market to mop up about one-third of America's corn harvest. A big expansion of the ethanol programme in 2005 explains why maize prices started rising in the first place.</p>
<p>Ethanol accounts for some of the rise in the prices of other crops and foods too. Partly this is because maize is fed to animals, which are now more expensive to rear. Partly it is because America's farmers, eager to take advantage of the biofuels bonanza, went all out to produce maize this year, planting it on land previously devoted to wheat and soyabeans. This year America's maize harvest will be a jaw-dropping 335m tonnes, beating last year's by more than a quarter. The increase has been achieved partly at the expense of other food crops.</p>
<p>This year the overall decline in stockpiles of all cereals will be about 53m tonnes—a very rough indication of by how much demand is outstripping supply. The increase in the amount of American maize going just to ethanol is about 30m tonnes. In other words, the demands of America's ethanol programme alone account for over half the world's unmet need for cereals. Without that programme, food prices would not be rising anything like as quickly as they have been. According to the World Bank, the grain needed to fill up an <span class="scaps">SUV</span> would feed a person for a year.</p>
<p>America's ethanol programme is a product of government subsidies. There are more than 200 different kinds, as well as a 54 cents-a-gallon tariff on imported ethanol. That keeps out greener Brazilian ethanol, which is made from sugar rather than maize. Federal subsidies alone cost $7 billion a year (equal to around $1.90 a gallon).</p>
<p>In theory, what governments mandate, they can also scrap. But that seems unlikely with oil at the sort of price that makes them especially eager to promote alternative fuels. Subsidies might be trimmed, of course, reducing demand occasionally; this is happening a bit now. And eventually, new technologies to convert biomass to liquid fuel will replace ethanol—but that will take time. For the moment, support for the ethanol programme seems secure. Hillary Clinton and John McCain used to be against ethanol subsidies, but have changed their minds. Russia and Venezuela are not the only countries that like to meddle in food markets for political reasons.</p>
<p>So demand for grain will probably remain high for a while. Demand, though, is only one side of the equation. Supply forms the other. If there is a run of bumper harvests, prices will fall back; if not, they will stay high.</p>
<p>Harvests can rise only if new land is brought into cultivation or yields go up. This can happen fairly quickly. The world's cereal farmers responded enthusiastically to price signals by planting more high-value crops. And so messed-up is much of the rich world's farming systems that farmers in the West have often been paid not to grow crops—something that can easily be reversed, as happened this year when the European Union suspended the “set aside” part of its common agricultural policy. Still, there are limits to how much harvests can be expanded in the short term. In general, says a new report by the International Food Policy Research Institute (<span class="scaps">IFPRI</span>), which is financed by governments and development banks, the response tends to be sticky: a 10% rise in prices yields a 1-2% increase in supply.</p>
<p>In the longer run, plenty of new farmland could be ploughed up and many technological gains could be had. But much of the new land is in remote parts of Brazil, Russia, Kazakhstan, the Congo and Sudan: it would require big investments in roads and other infrastructure, which could take decades—and would often lead to the clearing of precious forest. Big gains could be had if genetically modified foods were brought into production or if new seed varieties were planted in Africa. But again, that will take time. Moreover, <span class="scaps">GM</span> foods will not live up to their promise unless they shed the popular suspicion that dogs them, especially in Europe. And some of the new land—dry, marginal areas of Africa, Brazil and Kazakhstan—could be vulnerable to damage from global warming. By some measures, global warming could cut world farm output by as much as one-sixth by 2020. No less worryingly, high oil prices would depress the use of oil-based fertilisers, which have been behind much of the increase in farm production during the past half-century.</p>
<p>It is risky to predict long-run trends in farming—technology in particular always turns out unexpectedly—but most forecasters conclude from these conflicting currents that prices will stay high for as much as a decade. Because supplies will not match increases in demand, <span class="scaps">IFPRI</span> believes, cereal prices will rise by between 10% and 20% by 2015. The <span class="scaps">UN</span>'s Food and Agriculture Organisation's forecast for 2016-17 is slightly higher. Whatever the exact amount, this year's agflation seems unlikely to be, as past rises have been, simply the upward side of a spike.<br />
If prices do not fall back, this will mark a break with the past. For decades, prices of cereals and other foods have been in decline, both in the shops and on world markets. The <span class="scaps">IMF</span>'s index of food prices in 2005 was slightly lower than it had been in 1974, which means that in real terms food prices fell during those 30 years by three-quarters (see chart 2). In the 1960s food (including meals out) accounted for one-quarter of the average American's spending; by 2005 the share was less than one-seventh.</p>
<p>In other words, were food prices to stay more or less where they are today, it would be a radical departure from a past in which shoppers and farmers got used to a gentle decline in food prices year in, year out. It would put an end to the era of cheap food. And its effects would be felt everywhere, but especially in countries where food matters most: poor ones.</p>
<p><a name="a_blessing_and_a_curse"></a><strong>A blessing and a curse</strong><br />
....................</p>
<p><strong>Guess who loses<br />
</strong>....................</p>
<p>(continued)</p>
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<title><![CDATA[Nothing macho about India’s forex reserves - Impact on growth and prices: Varadharajan]]></title>
<link>http://bsubra.wordpress.com/2007/12/07/nothing-macho-about-india%e2%80%99s-forex-reserves-impact-on-growth-and-prices-varadharajan/</link>
<pubDate>Fri, 07 Dec 2007 20:11:31 +0000</pubDate>
<dc:creator>bsubra</dc:creator>
<guid>http://bsubra.wordpress.com/2007/12/07/nothing-macho-about-india%e2%80%99s-forex-reserves-impact-on-growth-and-prices-varadharajan/</guid>
<description><![CDATA[அன்னியச் செலாவணி கையிருப்பு &#8220;நீர்க]]></description>
<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>அன்னியச் செலாவணி கையிருப்பு "நீர்க்குமிழியா'?</p>
<p><em>உ .ரா. வரதராசன்</em><br />
</strong></p>
<p>"இந்திய நாட்டின் பொருளாதாரம் இமயமென உயர்ந்து நிற்கிறது' என்று வளர்ச்சியின் பரிணாமங்களை வியந்து போற்றுகிற ஆட்சியாளர்களும் வல்லுநர்களும் அதற்கான சான்றாகச் சுட்டிக்காட்டுவது நம் நாட்டின் அன்னியச் செலாவணிக் கையிருப்பு பற்றிய புள்ளிவிவரங்களாகும்.</p>
<p>உலகமய, தாராளமயப் பொருளாதாரக் கொள்கைகளை மத்திய அரசு அதிகாரபூர்வமாக அறிவித்து அமல்படுத்தத் தொடங்கியது 1991 ஆம் ஆண்டில்தான். அந்த ஆண்டு மார்ச் இறுதியில் இந்திய ரிசர்வ் வங்கியிடம் அன்னியச் செலாவணிக் கையிருப்பாக இருந்த தொகை 580 கோடி அமெரிக்க டாலர் மட்டுமே. இது படிப்படியாக உயர்ந்து 2007 மார்ச் இறுதியில் 19,920 கோடி டாலராக ரிசர்வ் வங்கியில் அம்பாரமாகக் குவிந்து கிடப்பதாக அறிக்கைகள் கூறுகின்றன.</p>
<p>பொருளாதாரச் சீர்திருத்தக் கொள்கைகளை மத்திய அரசு செயல்படுத்தத் தொடங்கியதற்குப் பிரதான காரணங்களாகச் சொல்லப்பட்டவற்றில் ஒன்று, நாடு சந்தித்த அன்னியச் செலாவணி நெருக்கடி. மறைந்த சந்திரசேகர் பிரதமராக இருந்த காலகட்டத்தில், அன்னியச் செலாவணி நெருக்கடியைச் சமாளிப்பதற்கு வேறு வழியில்லாமல், மத்திய அரசு ரிசர்வ் வங்கியிலிருந்த தங்கத்தை டன் கணக்கில் எடுத்துக்கொண்டு போய் இங்கிலாந்து (மத்திய) வங்கியில் அடமானம் வைக்க நேரிட்டது என்பது சர்வதேச அரங்கில் இந்தியாவிற்குத் தலைக்குனிவை ஏற்படுத்திய நிகழ்வு. அந்த நிலைமை இப்போது தலைகீழாய் மாறியிருக்கிறது என்பதையே தற்போதைய அன்னியச் செலாவணிக் கையிருப்பு விவரங்கள் உணர்த்தும் நிலவரம்.</p>
<p>மேலெழுந்தவாரியாகப் பார்க்கையில், இது மிகவும் திருப்திகரமானதொரு நிலைமை என்றே தோற்றமளிக்கலாம். இதை அளவுகோலாகக் கொண்டால், பொருளாதாரச் சீர்திருத்தங்கள் பெரும் வெற்றியை நம் நாட்டுக்குத் தேடித் தந்துள்ளதாகவே முடிவுக்கு வரத் தோன்றும். ஆனால், இந்தக் கையிருப்பின் கணக்குகளை சற்றுக் கருத்தூன்றிப் பரிசீலித்தால், கவலையே மிஞ்சுகிறது.</p>
<p>1991 முதல் 2007 வரையிலான 16 ஆண்டுகளில் இந்திய நாட்டின் ஏற்றுமதி - இறக்குமதி வர்த்தகத்தில் நமக்குச் சாதகமான பலன்கள் விளைந்தனவா என்பது முதலில் பார்க்க வேண்டிய கணக்கு.</p>
<ul>
<li>1990 - 91ஆம் ஆண்டில் நமது இறக்குமதிகளின் மொத்த மதிப்பு ரூ. 50,086 கோடி;</li>
<li>ஏற்றுமதிகளின் மதிப்பு ரூ. 33,152 கோடி மட்டுமே.</li>
<li>நிகர பற்றாக்குறை ரூ. 16,934 கோடி!</li>
<li>இது டாலர் கணக்கில் 944 கோடி.</li>
<li>இதுவே, 2005-06ஆம் ஆண்டில் ரூ. 2,29,000 கோடி பற்றாக்குறையாக உயர்ந்தது;</li>
<li>டாலர் கணக்கில் இந்தப் பற்றாக்குறை 5,184 கோடியாகும்.</li>
</ul>
<p>கடந்த பதினாறு ஆண்டுகளில் ஓர் ஆண்டில்கூட நம் நாட்டின் மொத்த ஏற்றுமதி மதிப்பு, இறக்குமதி மதிப்பைவிடக் கூடுதலாக இல்லை என்பதுதான் புள்ளிவிவரங்கள் கூறும் உண்மை.</p>
<p>இந்தப் பதினாறு ஆண்டுகளில் சர்வதேச வர்த்தகத்தில் இந்தியாவுக்கு ஏற்பட்ட நிகர பற்றாக்குறை - ஏற்றுமதியை விஞ்சிய இறக்குமதியால் சந்திக்க வேண்டிய சுமை - 3,410 கோடி டாலர் என்று ரிசர்வ் வங்கிக் கணக்கு கூறுகிறது. (ரூபாய் மதிப்பில் இன்றைய நிலவரப்படி இது 1,37,000 கோடி ரூபாய் பற்றாக்குறையாகும்!)</p>
<p>இப்படியிருக்கையில், நம் நாட்டின் அன்னியச் செலாவணிக் கையிருப்பு மட்டும் உயர்ந்து கொண்டே இருப்பது எப்படி என்ற கேள்வி எழுவது இயல்பே!</p>
<p>சர்வதேச ஏற்றுமதி - இறக்குமதி வர்த்தக நிலவரம் நமக்குச் சாதகமாக அமையாத பின்னணியில், நம் நாட்டின் ஆட்சியாளர்கள் அன்னியச் செலாவணி வரத்தைக் குறியாகக் கொண்டு, நிதித்துறை சீர்திருத்தங்கள் பலவற்றையும் அமலாக்கி வந்துள்ளனர்.</p>
<p>இதன் முதல் கட்டமாக 1991 ஆம் ஆண்டு தொடங்கி நமது நாட்டுப் பொருளாதாரத்தின் சகல துறைகளும் - பாதுகாப்புத்துறை உள்பட - அன்னிய முதலீட்டுக்காகத் திறந்துவிடப்பட்டு வந்துள்ளன. புதிதாகத் தொழில் தொடங்க நூற்றுக்கு நூறு சதவீத முதலீட்டுக்கு மட்டுமன்றி, இந்தியாவின் தொழில் நிறுவனங்களை விலைபேசி கையகப்படுத்துவதற்கும் பச்சைக்கொடி காட்டப்பட்டது.</p>
<p>இரண்டாவதாக 1993 ஆம் ஆண்டு ஜனவரி முதல் தொழில் முதலீட்டுக்கு மட்டுமன்றி, பங்குச் சந்தை வர்த்தகத்திலும் அன்னிய முதலீட்டாளர் நிறுவனங்கள் நுழைய அனுமதிக்கப்பட்டன.</p>
<p>இந்த இரண்டு வகையிலும், பன்னாட்டு நிதி மூலதனம் நம் நாட்டுக்கு வருவதற்கு ஊக்கம் அளிப்பதற்காக அடுக்கடுக்கான சலுகைகளும் வாரி வழங்கப்பட்டன.</p>
<p>இவற்றில், முதல் வகையில் நேரடித் தொழில் முதலீடுகளாக வந்த வெளிநாட்டு மூலதனத்தை விட, இரண்டாவது வகையில், பங்குச் சந்தை வர்த்தகத்திற்காக வந்த தொகைகள் பல மடங்காகும்.</p>
<p>நேரடித் தொழில் முதலீட்டிலும், புதிய தொழில்களைத் தொடங்க வந்த வெளிநாட்டு மூலதனத்தை விட, உள்நாட்டு நிறுவனங்களை கபளீகரம் செய்வதற்காக வந்த மூலதனமே மிகுதியாகும்.</p>
<p>இரண்டாவது வகையாக பங்குச் சந்தை வர்த்தகத்தில் (சூதாட்டத்தில்) நுழைந்துள்ள அன்னிய மூலதனத்தின் வளர்ச்சி திகைப்பை ஏற்படுத்துவதாகவே உள்ளது. இதற்கு அனுமதி வழங்கப்பட்ட 1993 ஆம் ஆண்டில், அன்னிய முதலீட்டாளர் நிறுவனங்கள் இந்தியாவின் பங்குச் சந்தையில் ஈடுபடுத்திய தொகை 83 கோடி அமெரிக்க டாலர்கள். இதுவே 2007 மார்ச் இறுதியில் 5200 கோடி டாலர்களாக "விசுவரூபம்' எடுத்தது! இப்படி மூலதனக் கணக்கில் வரவாக வந்த அன்னியச் செலாவணிதான் ரிசர்வ் வங்கியில் ஏகபோகமாக குவிந்து நிற்கிறது!</p>
<p>இதற்கு விலையாக நமது நாடு கொடுத்தவை ஏராளம், ஏராளம்!</p>
<p>இந்த அன்னிய மூலதன வரவுக்கு எந்தக் கட்டுப்பாடும், நிபந்தனையும் கிடையாது. அன்னிய முதலீட்டாளர் நிறுவனங்கள் கொண்டு வரும் நிதி மூலதனத்தின் உண்மையான சொந்தக்காரர்கள் யார் என்று தெரிவிக்க வேண்டியது கட்டாயமில்லை!</p>
<p>இந்த முதலீடுகள் கொழிக்கும் லாபத்துக்கு வரிவிதிப்பிலிருந்து விலக்கு உண்டு. இதற்காக மொரிஷியஸ் நாட்டோடு பாஜக ஆட்சிக்காலத்தில் ஒப்பந்தம் ஒன்று செய்யப்பட்டு, அந்த நாட்டின் வழியாக வந்து போகும் அன்னிய மூலதனம் எந்த வரிவிதிப்புக்கும் உட்படாது. (இதை மறுபரிசீலனை செய்வோம் என்று குறைந்தபட்ச பொதுத் திட்டத்தில் கூறியுள்ள இன்றைய மத்திய அரசு, கடந்த மூன்றரை ஆண்டுகளாக இதைக் கண்டுகொள்ளவே இல்லை!)</p>
<p>இந்த அன்னிய மூலதனம்தான் நமது நாட்டின் பங்குச் சந்தையை ஆட்டிப் படைக்கிறது. இந்தியாவின் பெரிய தொழில் நிறுவனங்களில் 30 கம்பெனிகளின் பங்குகளின் விலை மதிப்பை வைத்துக் கணக்கிடப்படும் "சென்செக்ஸ்' குறியீடு ஒரு மாயாஜால விளையாட்டாக மாறியுள்ளது.</p>
<p>1990 ஜனவரியில் 1000 என்று இருந்த சென்செக்ஸ் புள்ளிகள் 2004 ஆம் ஆண்டு வரை 7000 புள்ளிகளுக்குக் கீழாகவே இருந்தது. 2005 ஜூன் மாதம் 7000 புள்ளியை எட்டிப்பிடித்த சென்செக்ஸ், இப்போது 20,000 புள்ளிகள் வரை நாலு கால் பாய்ச்சலில் எகிறிக் குதித்துள்ளது! இதன் ஏற்ற இறக்கங்களில் பல லட்சம் கோடி ரூபாய்கள் நாள்தோறும் ஒரு பிரிவினருக்கு லாபமாகவும், இன்னொரு பிரிவினருக்கு இழப்பாகவும் பரிமாற்றமாகின்றன.</p>
<p>சென்செக்ஸ் பற்றி நாட்டின் நிதியமைச்சர் ப. சிதம்பரம் "சில நேரங்களில் வியப்பாகவும், சில நேரங்களில் கவலையளிப்பதாகவும்' இருக்கிறது என்று அண்மையில் கூறியிருந்தார். அதைத் தாண்டி இந்த "மாயா பஜார்' விளையாட்டைக் கட்டுக்குள் கொண்டு வருவது பற்றி சிந்திக்கக்கூட அரசு மறுப்பதுதான் வேதனை!</p>
<p>எனவேதான், அரசுத் தரப்பில் ஆர்ப்பரிப்போடு பேசப்படுகிற அன்னியச் செலாவணிக் கையிருப்புப் பெருக்கம், பொருளாதார வளர்ச்சிக்கு அளவுகோல் அல்ல; அது சோகை பிடித்த பொருளாதார நீரோட்டத்தின் மேற்பரப்பில் தென்படும் நீர்க்குமிழி போன்றதே!</p>
<p>பொருளாதாரச் சீர்திருத்தங்களின் எதிர்ப்பாளர்கள் மட்டுமல்ல - ஆதரவாளர்களே ஆழ்ந்த கவலையோடு பரிசீலிக்க வேண்டிய நிலைமை இது!</p>
<p><strong>(கட்டுரையாளர்: தேசிய செயலர் சி.ஐ.டி.யூ.) </strong></p>
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