Surrendering a 1st innings deficit of 201 runs then India adding an additional 100 runs without loss has taken this game completely out of Australia’s reach. With a full two days to play, it’s difficult to see Australia playing it out …
http://www.cricket-blog.com

Les dernières photos que j’ai prises, lors de mon escapade, furent plutôt intéressantes, surtout lorsque je parviens à rouler sur un chantier presque terminé.  Et c’est arrivé (eh oui, encore!) sur la route 175, quelque part entre le secteur Laterrière, de la ville de Saguenay, et l’intersection de la route 169, dans la Réserve faunique des Laurentides.  Les photos furent prises vers le sud, sauf avis contraire.

Aux environs du kilomètre 227, à l’entrée nord de la réserve faunique.

Près du kilomètre 219, où une bretelle qui permet de passer de deux chaussées à une seule (que l’on appellera désormais un “deux-dans-un”) existe toujours.

Le deux-dans-un du kilomètre 213 est encore plus frais, mais désormais inutilisé.  La photo fut prise en regardant vers le nord.

Au kilomètre 209, toutefois, il faudra vraiment passer de deux chaussées à une seule.  À moins que…

…eh ben ouais, nous en avons la preuve, maintenant; Richard3 a développé une dépendance à l’asphalte nouvellement appliquée!  Ici, on s’affaire à quelques travaux de finition, entre les deux chaussées.  Nous sommes aux environs du kilomètre 206.

Environ un kilomètre plus loin, ce sont des installateurs de signalisation, qui sont en plein travail.

La base d’opérations de l’un des entrepreneurs de ce méga-chantier, à la hauteur du chemin d’accès au Camp Cyriac.

Nous sommes entre les kilomètres 201 et 200, sur la nouvelle chaussée, et l’on voit très bien l’ancienne, à gauche, où l’on circulait encore dans les deux directions, lors de mon passage.

Un peu au sud du pont de la rivière Gilbert, des travailleurs complètent ce qui semble être un autre deux-dans-un, qui servira lors de l’ouverture de ce nouveau tronçon, qui ne saurait tarder, à voir l’avancement des travaux.

Voilà une raison de plus d’avoir procédé à l’achat d’un nouvel appareil-photo.  Celle-ci fut prise avec le zoom au maximum, c’est à dire en 4,0x, mais comme il s’agit d’un zoom numérique, et non optique, ça donne des résultats merdiques, comme on peut le voir ici.  Ce sont les mêmes travaux que sur la pose précédente, mais vus vers le nord, cette fois.  Et la voiture blanche, stationnée en travers, c’est une auto-patrouille de la SQ.

Au kilomètre 190, l’emprise de la nouvelle chaussée est déboisée,…

…alors qu’un kilomètre plus loin, le dynamitage, et le terrassement, sont déjà entamés.

Près du kilomètre 188, j’ai pris le temps de m’arrêter, puis de descendre de la blogue-mobile, afin de prendre cette photo vers le sud,…

…ainsi que celle-ci, vers le nord, où l’on voit le secteur déboisé, mais pas encore dynamité.

Ici, au kilomètre 184, on gruge littéralement la montagne.  Les énormes camions transportent la pierre, fraîchement dynamitée, vers un site de concassage, afin de continuer le terrassement de la nouvelle chaussée.

Ici, la nouvelle chaussée n’est plus à droite, mais plutôt à gauche.  Nous sommes au kilomètre 182,5.

Voici un beau pont tout neuf, qui traverse une rivière, probablement la petite rivière Pikauba.  C’est au kilomètre 178.

Cette fois encore, le soleil me rattrape.  On le voit plus difficilement, à cause de l’ombre, mais il y a une ouverture dans la forêt, près du kilomètre 172.  Comme je regarde vers le sud, cela indique que la nouvelle chaussée est de retour à droite.

Et voici l’intersection des routes 175 et 169.  Je présume qu’il sera modifié, compte tenu de la construction de la nouvelle chaussée.

Évidemment, j’ai dû me dépêcher, pour prendre les photos, parce que le soleil me rattrapait, et que l’ombre de cette fin de journée faisait que les images ne sortaient pas bien.  Par contre, je devrai retourner dans la réserve, avant les premières neiges, afin de prendre certains détails de ce secteur, ainsi que tout le secteur au sud de l’Étape, où d’autres travaux, reliés à ce même méga-chantier, sont présentement en cours.

Un autre problème qui survient, lorsque l’on veut prendre des photos de chantiers de construction sur une route ouverte à la circulation, c’est que l’on ne peut pas toujours prendre les sites les plus spectaculaires, puisqu’il est impossible de s’y arrêter sans nuire à la circulation, déjà perturbée par les travaux eux-mêmes.  Par contre, les images que vous voyez ici vous donnent quand même une idée de grandeur de ce chantier, auquel participe aussi le gouvernement fédéral.

Ceci fait le tour des photos que j’ai prises lors de mon escapade de vacances.  J’espère que celles-ci vous ont plu.  Dans les jours qui viennent, vous pourrez voir d’autres images prises pendant mes vacances, mais lors d’une autre sortie de la blogue-mobile.  J’espère aussi, prochainement, pouvoir mettre à l’épreuve mon tout nouvel appareil-photo, qui me permettra de prendre de bien meilleures photos à distance.

L’autoroute 73, d’un point de vue global, date d’un sacré bout.  Par contre, si l’on remonte aussi loin que 1963, sur la rive nord du fleuve, avec la construction de l’autoroute Henri-IV, il faudra attendre jusqu’en 1970 pour le pont Pierre-Laporte, puis en 1977 pour l’ouverture du premier tronçon de l’autoroute Robert-Cliche, qui pénètre dans les montagnes de la Beauce, tronçon qui s’étend de l’A-20 jusqu’à la route 171, à Scott.  Par la suite, d’autres tronçons furent ouverts; en 1978, jusqu’à la route Cameron, à Sainte-Marie, mais c’est seulement en 1983 qu’elle atteindra la route Carter, dans la même ville, et encore, sur une seule chaussée!  En 1989, l’A-73 se rend jusqu’à Vallée-Jonction (QC-112), à Saint-Joseph-de-Beauce (QC-276) en 1992, et finalement, quinze ans plus tard, à Beauceville (chemin du Golf), sur deux chaussées, en novembre 2007.

Comme pour la plupart des autoroutes construites en régions montagneuses, l’A-73 comporte certaines particularités.

Ici, avant la sortie vers la route Cameron, on avise les conducteurs de camions de 15 tonnes et plus d’utiliser cette sortie pour atteindre Vallée-Jonction, la côte à descendre, à cet endroit, étant trop abrupte.

Le point de raccordement des deux chaussées de l’A-73 en une seule, au kilomètre 94, juste au nord de la rivière Chassé, et au sud de la sortie de la route Cameron.

Les conducteurs de camions de 15 tonnes et plus, qui n’ont pas sorti à la route Cameron, une fois rendus à la sortie de Vallée-Jonction, se feront diriger, par l’entremise de ce panneau, vers la sortie 72, à Saint-Joseph-de-Beauce.

La forte densité des nuages, ainsi que les arbres matures, situés assez près de la chaussée, ont créé un contrejour important, sur cette photo.  C’est à cet endroit que l’A-73 se terminait, avant l’automne dernier; la sortie 72, vers la route 276, à Saint-Joseph-de-Beauce.  Le tout nouveau tronçon s’étend à partir de ce point, vers le sud.

Un panneau avertissant de la possible présence d’orignaux n’a rien de bien original, sauf que de tels panneaux, munis de feux clignotants, sont plutôt rares, au Québec.  Ils sont courants sur la route US-201, dans le Maine, la route qui se rattache à la QC-173, à la hauteur de la frontière américaine.

Une fois que l’on a traversé la rivière Calway, l’A-73 se redivise en deux chaussées, plus précisément au kilomètre 65,4.

Ici, on indique que l’A-73 se terminera dans 2 kilomètres.  Nous sommes à Beauceville.

Voici les deux ponts de la rivière des Plante, à Beauceville, à environ un kilomètre de la fin de l’autoroute.

L’échangeur du chemin du Golf, à Beauceville, avec l’amorce de la suite, vers Saint-Georges.

À la fin de l’A-73, il faut prendre le chemin du Golf, pour aller rejoindre la route 173.  Comme il y a une pente assez longue, il a fallu aménager une aire de vérification des freins, pour les camions lourds.

Ce fut plutôt compliqué de prendre l’intersection de la QC-173 et du chemin du Golf en photo.  Il n’y a pas vraiment d’espace pour stationner la blogue-mobile de façon sécuritaire, et j’étais derrière deux camions-remorques.  L’opération a donc donné ceci.

Les larges accotements m’ont toutefois permis de prendre en image une vue plus impressionnante des ponts de la rivière des Plante, cette fois en direction nord.

Je fus un peu déçu, parce que l’A-73 s’arrète au chemin du Golf, à Beauceville, puis que passé ce point, plus rien.  Pas de travaux.  Je vous reviendrai là-dessus, d’autant plus que Patrick Lessard, auteur d’un site web dédié à l’autoroute 73, m’a communiqué de précieuses informations sur cette autoroute, ainsi que sur les tergiversations concernant la poursuite des travaux.  C’est donc à suivre.

I think you’ll be hard pressed to find another city in which every single person knows the address of the jail.

I was going to blog and tell you all my exciting, wonderful news.  That was when I was pretty much feeling great.  Not that I feel bad now, or something has gone wrong, because it hasn’t.  I’m just exhausted so I can’t muster up the energy to feel as ecstatic as I did last night.

I have gotten about 6 or 7 hours of sleep in the past 72 hours.  I know, I know.  It’s just been crazy, you know that.

And it’s been pretty freaking Memphis, too.

What I mean by that statement is that I cannot BELIEVE I have survived this work week, doing the job I do, when it just seems everything is happening at one time.  I have left a lot of it out of the previous blogs for the sake of brevity.  Yes, I said brevity… I honestly could have written blogs 10 times that long.  You know how I told Misty I felt an impending sense of doom?  In addition to my own troubles that you are well aware of, these are other things that have happened in the past four days:

One of my students shot and killed another kid.  That’s how my week started.  It happened a few hours after my “doom” statement.  I haven’t talked about it yet because honestly, I’ve had to talk with a few students about the incident and it was hard enough to focus on all of it then, given everything else that’s going on with me lately.  I haven’t even read the article, but you are welcome to if you wish.

Wednesday I leave work and pull in to the gas station near my apartment to get the kids a snack for the road - I was going to ride around and check out some rental property.  The cops swarm the car wash that is part of the gas station.  I’m pumping gas, talking to the old man in the pickup beside me, asking what happened.  He grumbles about hearing gunshots and I said, in true country fashion, “Naaaw…”  Oh he got all worked up then about how Horn Lake/Southaven was just like Memphis now, and blah blah blah…

I knew something big had gone down, though, because there were weird ass cop cars flying up, like unmarked cars and cop trucks and shit I’d never seen.  Whoa, the SPD out to kick some arse.  I asked Jaden what she thought could be going on.  “Probably someone drinking or smoking,” she offered, bored stiff, “can I get my bug juice now?”  It was just a wee bit disturbing that my kids aren’t phased by cop cars anymore.  I guess that’s the city anywhere though.  At least she didn’t ask for jungle juice.  The incident wound up being a random shooting with no announced suspects or motive.  It was just a kid who came up to the carwash, shot at someone washing their car, and then took off back to his assumed home at (wait for it, Michael, wait for it…) the Civic Center Apartments!

Last night, right up the road yet again, a 32 year old woman was shot to death in front of her two young children.

I’ve had to see kids, I have to help them.  I’ve had serious shit that couldn’t be ignored or put off - besides the murders.  I have DHS up here now seeing a child that I called them about 22 minutes ago.  If you have ever had to deal with DHS you’ll know that is RECORD TIME.  They have 72 hours to respond to my call, and they usually take at least 48.  I won’t go into the details, but the response time should indicate the severity of it all.  And that parent I told you was so nasty and hateful to me when she came to enroll her child?  The only parent I have bitched about so far this year?  Kid came to me with extension cord marks on her legs and fingernail marks dug into her neck this week.  Lovely.  I don’t get the extension cord thing, I have seen more of that than I ever want to.

It has been hard!!  Marie, you know what I’m talking about!  Sometimes it’s so difficult to even hear the words coming out of their mouths, let alone feel that you’ve helped.

Just one more whine: when I left the gas station Tuesday and rode into Memphis, I wanted to go up on Vance Street.  I don’t normally go there (though I did note the Thai restaurant on Poplar everyone tells me to try, and I will definitely do that!), but it’s become second nature to take 240 to Lamar to Central to get to midtown - takes me maybe 15 minutes tops from my parking spot at the apartment, so sometimes I’ll drive up just for coffee and to be alone.  Anyway, since I’m going to Vance I decide to take Cleveland, the road right before my usual Central turn.  And I did.  And I got pulled over immediately.  Because as you Memfus folk reading this know, you can’t turn left onto Cleveland from Lamar.

The cop is white, which sucks because of my Obama sticker.  I gave him my insurance card and he informs me that it expired 6 days before.  I know I’ve paid my insurance so I ask him if he can call the number, which he got very snotty about.  While he wrote me a ticket I called my insurance and got my new cards emailed to me - the agent was a little miffed that he wouldn’t take a verbal from her when the cards were out less than a week before.  Not to mention my two little kids in the backseat.  He cut me no breaks, and because I have the insurance ticket, that is a MANDATORY COURT APPEARANCE.

So guess who has to spend a fucking day in October at 201 Poplar?  That’s right, moi.  Slick fucked up if you ask me.

My good news I have to share??  I will post a blog with details later when I’m in a better mood, but suffice to say that Jeremy and I talked everything out last night when he came home and - finally - blew a .00 (the day before it was .29 when he came home).  Yes, we are still getting a divorce, but we are doing it together, with love and mutual respect.  We want to be friends and parents together, we want to be there for one another.  But we know we can’t be married or live together.  It was a beautiful and special thing to be able to sit down with him and really talk - it made me realize just how long it has been since I’ve seen him completely sober.

I’m going to look at that place Saturday!

And Jeremy is considering all of his options - including military service.  I am very very pleased with how things are going right now, so let’s all hope he doesn’t get drunk and fuck it up.

(P.S.  Just before I get any response to this, let me please ask you to refrain from saying “Memphrica” to me right now.  I really really hate that shit.)

Hace poco hablamos del Jailbreak de la versión 2.0 del iPod Touch y el iPhone, pero hace pocos días salio una actualización de Apple, la 2.0.1 que da más estabilidad y corrección de errores, poco tiempo pasó para que se hiciera posible hacer el jailbreak a esta versión, en cuanto salio yo lo probe con mi iPod Touch pero tuve algunos problemas, que resultarón ser por el firmware que descargue, sin más les dejo la guia que he copiado y pegado de Actualidad iPhone

¿ Qué tiene nuevo esta versión ?

• Installer ya esta otra vez entre nosotros.
• Se puede modificar la partición de datos.
• Ya podemos poner el nuevo firmware 2.0.1.

DESCARGAS:

WinPwn 2.0.0.4

iPhone firmware 2.0.1

3G iPhone firmware 2.0.1

iPod Touch fimrware 2.0.1

A continuación la guía paso por paso.

Notas importantes antes de empezar.

-Tener claro que tenemos el último itunes instalado (7.7.1)

- Si tienes un iphone 3G todas las opciones de liberación no se tendran que marcar.

Bootloader files para el iPhone [bl39.bin and bl46.bin ] AQUí

.Net 2.0 [si te sale elcartel al abrir el programa "the application failed to initialize properly (0xc0000135)" necesitas instalar  .Net 2.0]

PASOS:

Tras instalar el Winpwn enchufar el iphone al ordenador.

1:Haz  Click Browse .ipsw

2: Seleciona el firmware 2.0.1 y haz click en abrir.

3:Haz  Click en IPSW Builder.

4: Seleciona Install Cydia, Installer y YouTube activation fix (si tienes contrato con alguna compañia como at&t no selecciones el parche the youtube).

5: Sólo para iPhone, seleciona la etiqueta Advanced y déjalo como está en la imagen.

Tienes que buscar los bootloader donde los hubieras guardado antes.

6: Haz Click en la etiqueta Custom Images, and seleciona “Use Custom Pictures”

podras usar las que tienen ellos o unas tuyas.

7: Haz  Click en la etiqueta Partition resizer y mueve la barra como quieras para hacer la partición del iphone para aplicaciones lo grande que desees. ATENCION!!!!! por lo menos tienes que ponerla en 510 MB para que al crear el firmware modificado no nos de un error.

8: Haz Click en Build .ipsw y seleciona donde quieras guardar el nuevo firmware.

9: La construcción del nuevo firmware modificado empezará ahora mismo.

10: una vez que ya termina nos sale este cartel.

11: Haz Click en iPwner

12: Seleciona el firmware que acabamos de crear. PON ATENCION EN ESTO QUE SEA EL CREADO Y NO EL OTRO!!!!!!!!

13: Saldár este cartelito

14: Sólo queda poner el iphone en modo DFU, abrir itunes y cuando nos diga que tenemos que restaurar, con la tecla Shift izquierda le damos a restaurar y seleccionamos el firmware que hemos creado.

Tutorial e imagenes tomados de aqui

Muitas coisas aconteceram no “mundo do iPhone” desde meu primeiro tópico sobre desbloqueio de iPhone. Naquele tópico descrevi um pouco da história da evolução dos métodos de travas e desbloqueios, por isso neste só vou dar uma atualizada. O meu objetivo em escrever aqui é dar a direção para você realizar um processo simples e eficiente de desbloqueio, visto que a internet possui muito conteúdo mas achar exatamente o que precisamos e de forma estruturada não é muito fácil.

Pois bem, desde o último tópico de desbloqueio surgiu o iPhone 3G e a nova versão do software (2.0). Isto mudou muita coisa porque a capacidade de memória do telefone aumentou, a tecnologia de comunicação melhorou e o preço caiu! Sem contar que a versão 2.0 do firmware traz algumas funcionalidades que a versão antiga não trazia. Um exemplo é a sincronia de e-mails com servidores Exchange (leia-se Outlook), ou seja, agora posso ler meus e-mails do trabalho e ter a agenda sincronizada no meu iPhone, perfeito! A principal diferença é que para esta versão a Apple lançou um pacote de desenvolvimento, o que vai fazer vir por aí uma porção de softwares desenvolvidos especificamente para iPhone.

A maior parte das pessoas que tem iPhone no Brasil possuem a versão que não é a nova (tem a versão 2G) desbloqueada, mas querem fazer um update para a versão 2.0 ou 2.0.1 e aproveitar as novidades. Para realizar este update é necessário “formatar” seu celular com a versão nova. O desbloqueio teve um avanço muito significativo, sendo que os softwares hoje conseguem alterar a “imagem” do software que é enviado para o celular enquanto ele ainda está no computador (edição do arquivo ipsw no próprio micro antes do update). Como meu objetivo não é ser muito técnico neste assunto e nem dar suporte para ninguém que queira desbloquear e não sabe de nada, vou dar o caminho certo e direto para a coisa. No site iClarified há um tutorial que pode ser acessado através deste link. Este é um passo-a-passo muito detalhado e TUDO o que você precisa está ali: downloads, links para outros passos, arquivos de imagem, tudo mesmo! O desbloqueio é feito através do software Winpwn, que até o momento é o único software para Windows que desbloqueia a versão 2.0. Para você usar este passo-a-passo tem que saber ler inglês e se esforçar um pouquinho. Para quem já é da área de informática e conhece um pouco de como funcionar “por dentro” do iPhone é moleza! Este tutorial e método é resultado de uma boa pesquisa que eu fiz sobre ferramentas e meios de fazer este update, e este é o objetivo deste post, economizar seu tempo. Se você chegou aqui fácil já teve metade do caminho andado.

Lembrando, o tutorial é para quem tem iPhone da segunda geração e quer colocar a versão 2.0. Boa sorte!

Ps.: Não dou suporte, siga as instruções por sua conta e risco, já realizei o procedimento em mais de um aparelho e funcionou perfeitamente.

หลังจากไปทำบุญใส่บาตรวันเกิดภรรยาก็ได้ฤกษ์ดี (แบบว่าดวงนารีอุปถัมภ์ไง) อัปเกรด iPod Touch กับ iPhone จาก Firmware 2.0.1 ไป 2.0.2 ว่าไปเลยแล้วกันตามขั้นตอนนี้

1. เริ่มต้นด้วยนิสัยนักคอมพ์ที่ดีก็ให้แบกอับข้อมูลเก่าไว้ก่อน
2. ตามด้วยกาีรอัปเกรดตามปกติ (ใช้ iTune 7.7) ในขั้นตอนนี้ iPhone อัปเกรดรอบเดียวผ่าน แต่ iPod Touch นี่มีลุ้น ตอนที่ปล่อยอัปครั้งแรกขึ้น error (5) แล้วจอก็ขึ้นรูปการ์ตูนสตีฟจอบส์พูดภาษารัสเซีย ไม่รู้ว่าบอกให้รอหรืออะไรก็ไม่ทราบอาจบอกให้ใจเย็นๆก็ได้มั้ง แต่ด้วยความใจร้อนก็รับีตเครื่องเข้า restore โหมด ครั้งนี้ก็ไม่ผ่าน ถัดมาเลยพยายามเข้า DFU โหมด ซึ่งก็ไม่รู้เข้าได้หรือเปล่า (แต่มันขึ้นจอขาวนะ) แล้วปล่อยให้ iTune ทำงานอัปเดดไป คราวนี้ผ่าน ส่วนผลก็เป็นไปตามคาดคือ Cydia กับ Installer(4) พร้อมทั้งแอปทั้งหมดที่ลงผ่าน Cydia/Installer หายเกลี้ยงครับ แม้แต่โลโก้แอบเปิ้ลสีรุ้งตอนเปิดเครื่อง (ที่แสดงร่องรอยว่าผ่านการ Pwn มาแล้ว) ก็หายไปด้วย มีประเด็นเดียวที่ผิดคาดคือ iPhone ยังคงใช้โทรได้ตามปกติครับ ดังนั้นสำหรับคนที่อยากได้แค่ unlock phone ไม่อยากลง jailbreak application อื่นๆ ก็หยุดได้เลย
3. เรียก QuickPwnGui120.exe และเลือกรูปเครื่องให้ตรงกับที่จะเบรก หน้าตาเหมือนเดิม ยกเว้นมีอ๊อปชั่นให้เลือกว่าจะเอาโลโก้หัวสัปปะรดหรือไม่  ถึงผมไม่ชอบแต่ก็เลือกเอาอยู่ดีเพื่อให้เกียรติทีมผู้พัฒนา ทำตามคำลั่งไปเรื่อยๆ ในขั้นตอนการเลือกไฟล์ Firmware ขั้นที่สองให้เลือก “C:\Documents and Settings\[YOURNAMEHERE]\Application Data\Apple Computer\iTunes\iPhone Software Updates\iPhone1,1_2.0.2_5C1_Restore.ipsw” สำหรับ iPhone และ  “C:\Documents and Settings\[YOURNAMEHERE]\Application Data\Apple Computer\iTunes\iPod Software Updates\iPod1,1_2.0.2_5C1_Restore.ipsw” สำหรับ iPod Touch  ผู้ที่ต้องการ screenshot ก็นี้เลยครับ

เสร็จสิ้นขั้นตอนแล้วเล่นต่อตามใจเลย

Enjoy

"Houston .. We .. have a problem."

ALERT - WE’VE MOVED TO RAZORIANFLY.COM

Since updating to iPhone software 2.0.2, a few users have e-mailed me reporting of strange behavior between iTunes and iPhone. These issues are said to cause their mobile application purchases to not sync back up to their main application library in iTunes.

As you probably know by now, Apple’s App Store works on an ecosystem. You buy an application, it downloads over the air, you sync with iTunes, and the application is transferred to your main ‘Applications’ library to be available for a future sync. Bearing in mind a sync replaces all content on the device with that of whats in the iTunes library your syncing your iPhone with.

Users experiencing this, are seeing the iTunes status bar telling them the applications are being copied over, but no applications ever materialise in the ‘Applications’ tab. The users apparently receives no error messages, and iTunes looks like it has completed the sync successfully.

This isn’t to say you should completely stop using Apple’s mobile App Store on your iPhone, due to a few user reports, but you have been warned that your purchases may not be transferable to iTunes until Apple push 2.0.3 or 2.1 out the door sometime in September.

It is not yet known how wide-spread these syncing issues are.

Case Studies

1. This thread over at Mac Rumors
2. This thread over at Apple Discussions
3. And another over at Apple Discussions …

Are you experiencing this?
Let me know about it - Here.

R-Fly

ALERT - WE’VE MOVED TO RAZORIANFLY.COM

Since July 11th, and the release of iPhone 3G and software version 2.0, there have been a few problems within the software which have affected almost every user, the biggest being however, application crashes.

So, why does this happen?
It seems the root of the problem behind an application crashing on start-up, stems from a management issue with the DRM (Digital Rights Management) technology embedded within each and every iPhone application downloaded from the App Store.

Another proven reason applications can crash under 2.0, is due to confusion between iTunes and iPhone 2.0 over iTunes accounts. For example, If you run two iTunes accounts, and the last time you synced you were logged into your secondary account (not used for application purchases), reports have been coming in of the application(s) bought with the primary account, failing to launch after that sync. The best thing to do in this situation, is to only use one account for application purchases (for now).

A light at the end of the tunnel …
For someone who has bought applications which are doing this, this can be one very frustrating experience. The good news is, there is a light at the end of the tunnel. In a very rare move, Apple has allegedly commented about the issue, openly stating that it is aware of the current issues iPhone and iPhone 3G owners are experiencing and with it promises a fix for all iPhone users in September of this year. This update is said to ‘rectify’ software issues of which iPhone and iPhone 3G users are currently experiencing.

“This is a known iPhone bug that is being fixed in the next software update in September” reads the one-line message from the Apple co-founder.

How can I resolve these issues before the September update?
There are a few steps you can take if suddenly, all your iPhone applications fail to launch.

1. Reboot the Phone
Perform a hard reboot of your iPhone, i.e turn your iPhone off completely, by pressing and holding the Sleep/Wake button (on top ) for a few seconds then slide the red slider. Turn it back on by holding the Sleep/Wake button until the Apple logo appears. This can clear potentially problematic data, preventing some type of crashes.

2. Delete the Application
A few users have reported deleting the application from the phone and then re-syncing can resolve issues with DRM and account information embedded within the application.

To delete an application from your iPhone, simply hold it down for 2-3 seconds until it starts to ‘wiggle’. Then hit the cross in the top left corner. You will receive an alert asking whether you wish to permanently delete the application and all of it’s contents.

Once done, plug the phone back into iTunes, and the deleted application(s) should sync back to your device and now launch successfully.

3. Restore the Phone
If these above steps do not regain your application(s) stability on 2.0, Connect the phone to your Mac or PC, launch iTunes, and click the Restore button under the Summary tab.

Please do remember restoring your iPhone will erase all the content on the phone. Before restoring, allow iTunes to backup your device to the current date and time. This way, once you have a ‘factory restored’ iPhone after the restore with iTunes, you can re-apply all application and system settings easily.

I’d love to know which one of these methods worked best for you. If you are experiencing these kinds of issues with your iPhone, let it be known, this is perfectly normal and is an issue with how iPhone 2.0 deals with the DRM and account information of installed applications.

If these steps worked for you, drop me a line at razorianfly@gmail.com

R-Fly

iphone-dev ทีมออก QuickPwn เบต้าที่รองรับ firmware 2.0.2 แล้ว รายละเอียดตามไปอ่านก่อนได้เลย ที่นี่ เมื่อได้ลองแล้วจะมาแจ้งผลต่อไปครับ

The iPhone Dev Team today released an update to their beta QuickPwn tool complete with GUI by poorlad. It’s now compatible with iPhone and iPod 2.0.2 firmware, so for those brave enough to try beta software and running Windows it’s great. This is a bit of a turnaround to previous tools the Dev Team have released which always seemed to see Mac versions first. Fortunately I have a hard drive with Windows installed in my hackintosh for occasions such as this.

The first step after rebooting into Windows XP was to install iTunes. Since my XP install is mainly for games it doesn’t have much in the way of media tools. Running QuickPwn gave an error message ‘The application failed to initialize properly (0xc0000135)’. A web search revealed this was due to .net not being installed. Version 1.0 went on, and running QuickPwn gave another message that it needed version 2. Ah, now I remember why I use a Mac.

That was the error messages taken care of, and QuickPwn now started fine. The first step was to select the device and point the installer at the firmware. I had previously updated the iPod Touch using iTunes on my hackintosh so I copied the firmware to my server before rebooting. The next step was new, you now get to choose if you want Cydia, Installer and Replacement boot logo’s.

After that you just click the Go button and the CLI tool takes over.

The next part is a little fiddly, and after shutting down the iPhone or iPod you need to get it into DFU mode. The text in the Command Prompt window talks you through the process so it’s not too difficult.

That’s the end of the manual intervention, as the rest of the process is just waiting for QuickPwn to finish. The status display is not very descriptive of what’s going on but the important thing is that it worked. I’m now running an iPod Touch with 2.0.2 jailbroken, Cydia installed and not problems so far. The Mail and wallpaper issues I had with 2.0.1 after jailbreaking haven’t returned.

One of the best things about QuickPwn is that it doesn’t wipe everything on the device. iTunes will always re-install all your settings and App Store software of course, but I didn’t have to wait for all my music to be copied again. All that needed to be installed was the software and themes from Cydia. This saved me around 40 minutes of waiting for the media to copy, so a big improvement over the PwnageTool.

QuickPwn with GUI is a step up from PwnageTool, and the new features like Cydia/Installer selection are welcome. I’m hoping future versions will be released for Windows and Mac together, if only to save the time having to reboot into Windows.

Guia de uso de QuickPwn aqui: Update: Guia de uso de QuickPwn Windows - Como hacerle el Jailbreak a tu iPhone o iPod touch - Firmware 2.0, 2.0.1, 2.0.2

El DevTeam han libeardo esta herramienta, la cual me recuerda a ZiPhone.

Un Jailbreak en unos segundos, sin restaurar…esta herramienta llamada Quickpwn por ahora solo permite el jailbreak del iPhone 2G / iPod touch / iPhone 3G y la activacion del iPhone 2G pero no el unlock

El jailbreak es para los firmwares 2.0, 2.0.1 y 2.0.2

Es sencillisima de usar…y muy pronto tendremos la nueva version de ZiPhone…mmm q raro

Si tienes tu iPhone desbloqueado en el fw 2.0 o 2.0.1 actualizando desde iTunes, este seguira desbloqueado

Descarga: http://rapidshare.com/files/140156034/QuickPwnGUI150.zip (Nueva version)

NOTA: DEBES DE ESTAR EN EL FW 2.0.2 O EL FW QUE DESEES JAILBREKEAR…SI ES EL FW 2.0.2 NO ES NECESARIO RESTAURAR, SOLO ACTUALIZA DESDE ITUNES AUNQUE PERDERAS LAS APLICACIONES DESCARGADAS DESDE CYDIA

Solutions Point Ltd, UK, already known for their technological breakthroughs in the mobile phone unlocking industry, are well known and an established players in this industry, today announced the world’s first solution to unlock the iPhone 3G using its newly released product Rebel Sim card.

Rebel Sim card can unlock almost any mobile phone available in the market, and now the iPhone 3G, the hottest selling product of the year joins its list.
Anyone can buy a Rebel Sim card from www.rebelsimcard.com and unlock their iPhone 3G.

A lot of users were already looking for a solution to unlock their phone, with no software yet released to unlock the iPhone 3G, even after using the Rebel Sim card with the iPhone 3G the phone warranty is not lost! and the contract with existing network provider is not breached.

And guess what’s more, the phone is still in warranty and Apple cannot detect it!! therefore users can use another networks simcard to make cheaper calls, without loosing their warranty! , without getting Apple to know about it, without breaching the contract, and last but not the least, users don’t need to have special skills to use Rebel Sim Card, it works Out of the box and it does not require any modification to the iPhone 3G firmware.

Even if you are an amateur, it will just take less than a minute to unlock your new iPhone 3G.

Rebel Simcard v29 brings the World’s Most Advanced STK menu to Rebel Simcard. - Upgrade now - 19-Aug-08
Now Rebel Simcard can work on almost any mobile phone of the world.
A must-have piece of technology.

iPhone 3G - GPRS/EDGE and 3G fully working with Rebel Simcard - Youtube 19-Aug-08

iPhone 3G - GPRS/EDGE and 3G fully working with Rebel Simcard - Google Video. - 19-Aug-08

How to use Rebel Simcard on iPhone 3G for beginners.
iPhone 3G 2.0.1 unlock without jailbreak/How to insert network sim with Rebel simcard in your iPhone 3G - 08-Aug-2008.

See how the STK menu in Rebel Simcard works. - 6/8/2008
Note : STK menu is available in all Rebel Simcards.

Apple iPhone 3G unlock using Rebel Simcard Part 1- NO NEED JAILBREAK, NO NEED TO MODIFY FIRMWARE!! - 29/7/2008

Apple iPhone 3G unlock using Rebel Simcard Part 2- NO NEED JAILBREAK, NO NEED TO MODIFY FIRMWARE!! - 29/7/2008

How Rebel SimCard Cutter Operates

Apple iPhone 3G Unlock using Rebel Simcard.

Rebel Simcard working with Nokia N82 - Auto Mode

Rebel SimCard To By Network Restriction on Samsung SGH-M300

Rebel SimCard 3D Design Graphics

Rebel SimCard By Passes Network Restrictions on LG KP130

Rebel SimCard To By Network Restriction on Nokia 3110

Rebel SimCard To By Network Restriction on Nokia N95

Rebel Simcard By Passing Unlocking For Nokia 6300

Rebel SimCard To By Network Restriction on Virgin Fly

Rebel SimCard By Network Restriction on Sony Ericsson W810

Rebel SimCard To By Network Restriction on Nokia 6500s Slide

Rebel SimCard To By Network Restrictions on Nokia 6500c

Rebel SimCard To By Network Restrictions on Nokia 2610

Rebel SimCard By Passes Network Restrictions on Nokia 1208

Rebel SimCard To Bypass Network Restrictions on Nokia 2310

Mobile Acronyms

Smart Cards Glossary

iPhone Terms

1G
The first generation of analogue mobile phone technologies including AMPS, TACS and NMT

2G
The second generation of digital mobile phone technologies including GSM, CDMA IS-95 and D-AMPS IS-136

2.5G
The enhancement of GSM which includes technologies such as GPRS

3G
The third generation of mobile phone technologies covered by the ITU IMT-2000 family

3GPP
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project, a grouping of international standards bodies, operators and vendors with the responsibility of standardising the WCDMA based members of the IMT-2000 family

3GPP2
The counterpart of 3GPP with responsibility for standardising the CDMA2000-based members of the IMT-2000 family. 3GPP2 is spearheaded by ANSI

8PSK
Octantal Phase Shift Keying

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A5/1/2/3/8X
Encryption algorithms for GSM networks

AAL
ATM Adaptation Layer

ABR
Available Bit Rate

A-bis
Interface between the BSC and BTS in a GSM network

AB
Access Burst; used for random access and characterised by a longer guard period to allow for burst transmission from a MS that does not know the correct timing advance when first contacting a network

ACTE
Approvals Committee for Terminal Equipment

ACTS
Advanced Communications Technologies and Services – a European technology initiative

ACU
Antenna Combining Unit

ADPCM
Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation; a form of voice compression that typically uses 32kbit/s

AFC
Automatic Frequency Control

AGCH
Access Grant Channel; downlink only, BTS allocates a TCH or SDCCH to the MS, allowing it access to the network

Air interface
In a mobile phone network, the radio transmission path between the base station and the mobile terminal

A-interface
Interface between the MSC and BSS in a GSM network

AM
Amplitude Modulation

AMPS
Advanced Mobile Phone System, the analogue mobile phone technology used in North and South America and in around 35 other countries. Operates in the 800MHz band using FDMA technology

AMR
Adaptive Multi-Rate codec. Developed in 1999 for use in GSM networks, the AMR
has been adopted by 3GPP for 3G

Analogue
The representation of information by a continuously variable physical quantity such as voltage

ANSI
American National Standards Institute. An non-profit making US organisation which does not carry out standardisation work but reviews the work of standards bodies and assigns them category codes and numbers

ANSI-136
See D-AMPS

API
Application Program Interface

AoC
Advice of Charge

ARIB
Association of Radio Industries and Businesses. An organisation established by Japan’s Ministry of Posts and Communications to act as the standardisation authority for radio communication and broadcasting

ARPU
Average Revenue Per User

ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange

ASIC
Application Specific Integrated Circuit

ASP
Application Service Provider

Asymmetric Transmission
Data transmissions where the traffic from the network to the subscriber is at a higher rate than the traffic from the subscriber to the network

A-TDMA
Advanced Time Division Multiple Access

ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode; a multiplexed information transfer and switching method in which the data is organised into fixed length 53-octet cells and transmitted according to each application’s instantaneous need

AUC
Authentication Centre; the element within a GSM network which generates the parameters for subscriber authentication

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Bandwidth
A term meaning both the width of a transmission channel in terms of Hertz and the maximum transmission speed in bits per second that it will support

BCH
Broadcast Channels; carry only downlink information and are mainly responsible for synchronisation and frequency correction (BCCH, FCCH and SCH)

BCCH
Broadcast Control Channel; the logical channel used in cellular networks to broadcast signalling and control information to all mobile phones within the network

B-CDMA
Broadband Code Division Multiple Access

B-ISDN
Broadband ISDN

BER
Bit Error Rate; the percentage of received bits in error compared to the total number of bits received

BERT
Bit Error Rate Test

Bit
A bit is the smallest unit of information technology. As bits are made up using the binary number system, all multiples of bits must be powers of two i.e. a kilobit is actually 1024 bits and a megabit 1048576 bits. Transmission speeds are given in bits per second (bit/s)

Bluetooth
A low power, short range wireless technology designed to provide a replacement for the serial cable. Operating in the 2.4GHz ISM band, Bluetooth can connect a wide range of personal, professional and domestic devices such a laptop computers and mobile phones together wirelessly.

BHCA
Busy Hour Call Attempts; the number of call attempts made during a network’s busiest hour of the day

BSC
Base Station Controller; the network entity controlling a number of Base Transceiver Stations

BSS
Base Station System/Subsystem

BTS
Base Transceiver Station; the network entity which communicates with the mobile station

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CAI
Common Air Interface; a standard developed for the UK’s public CT2 networks which enabled the same handset to be used on different networks

CAMEL
Customised Application for Mobile network Enhanced Logic; an IN feature in GSM networks that enables users to carry personal services with them when roaming into other networks that support CAMEL

CSE
CAMEL Service Environment

Capacity
A measure of a cellular network’s ability to support simultaneous calls

CB
Cell Broadcast

CC
Call Control; manages call connections

CCB
Customer Care and Billing

CCCH
Common Control Channels; a group of uplink and downlink channels between the MS and the BTS (see PCH, AGCH and RACH)

CCS7
Common Channel Signalling No. 7

CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access; also known as spread spectrum, CDMA cellular systems utilise a single frequency band for all traffic, differentiating the individual transmissions by assigning them unique codes before transmission. There are a number of variants of CDMA (see W-CDMA, B-CDMA, TD-SCDMA et al)

CDMAone
The first commercial CDMA cellular system; deployed in North America and Korea; also known as IS-95

CDMA2000
A member of the IMT-2000 3G family; backwardly compatible with cdmaOne

CDMA 1X
The first generation of cdma2000; the standardisation process indicated that there would be CDMA 2X and CDMA 3X but this no longer appears likely

CDMA 1X EV-DO
A variant of CDMA 1X which delivers data only

CDPD
Cellular Digital Packet Data; a packet switched data service largely deployed in the USA. The service uses idle analogue channels to carry the packetised information.

CDPSK
Coherent Differential Phase Shift Keying

CDR
Call Detail Records; the record made within the cellular network of all details of both incoming and outgoing calls made by subscribers, The CDR is passed to the billing system for action

Cell
The area covered by a cellular base station. A cell site may sectorise its antennas to service several cells from one locationCell site
The facility housing the transmitters/receivers, the antennas and associated equipment

Cell splitting
The process of converting a single cell to multiple cells by sectorising the antennas in the cell site or constructing additional cells within a cell site

CELP
Code Excited Linear Prediction; an analogue to digital voice coding scheme, there are a number of variants used in cellular systems

CEPT
Conference of European Posts and Telecommunications. A organisation of national posts, telegraphs and telephone administrations. Until 1988, when this work was take over by ETSI, the main European body for telecommunications standardisation. CEPT established the original GSM standardisation group

CF
Call Forwarding

CI
Carrier to Interference ratio

CIBER
Cellular Intercarrier Billing Exchange Roamer Record

CID
Caller Identification

Circuit switching
A method used in telecommunications where a temporary dedicated circuit of constant bandwidth is established between two distant endpoints in a network. Mainly used for voice traffic; the opposite of packet switching

CLID
Calling Line Identification

CLIP
Calling Line Identification Presentation

CLIR
Calling Line Identification Restriction

CM
Connection Management; is used to set up, maintain and take down call connections

CMOS
Complementary Metal Oxide Substrate

Codec
A word formed by combining coder and decoder the codec is a device which encodes and decodes signals. The voice codec in a cellular network converts voice signals into and back from bit strings. In GSM networks, in addition to the standard voice codec, it is possible to implement Half Rate (HR) codecs and Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) codecs

Control signal
A signal sent to a cellular phone from a base station or vice versa which carries information essential to the call but not including the audio portion of a conversation

CPE
Customer Premises Equipment; all the equipment on the end user’s side of the network interface

CPU
Central Processing Unit

CRC
Cyclic Redundancy Check

CRM
Customer Relationship Management

CSS
Customer Support System

CT
Cordless Telephony

CT0
Zero generation cordless telephony; the earliest domestic cordless phones which used analogue technology and which had severe limitations in terms of range and security

CT1
First generation cordless telephony; Improved analogue phones with greater range and security; a number of European nations produced CT1 standards

CT2
Second generation cordless telephony; Using digital technology CT2 phones offered greater range, improved security and a wide range of new functionalities. Used in both domestic and cordless PABX deployments, CT2 was standardised as an interim ETS but was overwhelmed by DECT

CT2-CAI
Second generation cordless telephony-common air interface

CTA
Cordless Terminal Adaptor; a DECT term

CTM
Cordless Terminal Mobility

CTR
Common Technical Regulation; part of the ETSI standardisation process

CUG
Closed User Group

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D/A
Digital to Analogue conversion

DAC
Digital to Analogue Convertor

DAMA
Demand Assigned Multiple Access

D-AMPS
Digital AMPS, a US wireless standard also known as IS-136

DAN
DECT Access Node

DCA
Dynamic Channel Assignment

DCCH
Dedicated Control Channels; responsible for roaming, handovers, encryption etc. (See SDCCH, SACCH and FACCH)

DCE
Data Communications Equipment

DCH
Data Clearing House

DCPSK
Differentially Coherent Phase Shift Keying

DCS1800
Digital Cellular System at 1800MHz, now known as GSM1800

DECT
Digitally Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications system, a second generation digital cordless technology standardised by ETSI

DEPSK
Differential Encoded Phase Shift Keying

DES
Digital Encryption Standard

DFSK
Double Frequency Shift Keying

Digital
a method of representing information as numbers with discrete values; usually expressed as a sequence of bits

DPCM
Differential Pulse Code Modulation

DPSK
Digital Phase Shift Keying

DQPSK
Digital Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

DS-CDMA
Direct Sequence CDMA

DSP
Digital Signal Processing

DSRR
Digital Short Range Radio; a UK standard for a low power, short range radio system designed for small voice and data networks

DTE
Data Terminal Equipment

DTMF
Dual Tone MultiFrequency; better know as Touch Tone. The tones generated by touching the keys on the phone are used for a variety of purposes including voice mail systems and voice messaging

DTX
Discontinuous Transmission

Dual Band
The capability of GSM infrastructure elements and handsets to work across both the 900MHz and 1800MHz bands. The capability to seamlessly handover between the two bands offers operators major capacity gains

DB
Dummy Burst; transmitted as a filler in unused timeslots of the carrier

Duplex
The wireless technique where one frequency band is used for traffic from the network to the subscriber (the downlink) and another, widely separated, band is used for traffic from the subscriber to the network (the uplink)

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EDGE
Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution; effectively the final stage in the evolution of the GSM standard, EDGE uses a new modulation schema to enable theoretical data speeds of up to 384kbit/s within the existing GSM spectrum. An alternative upgrade path towards 3G services for operators, such as those in the USA, without access to new spectrum. Also known as Enhanced GPRS (E-GPRS)

EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

EFR
Enhanced Full Rate; a alternative voice codec that provides improved voice quality in a GSM network (see codec)

EFT
Electronic Funds Transfer

EGSM
Extended (frequency range) GSM

EIR
Equipment Identity Register; a database that contains a list of all valid mobile stations within a network based on their IMEI

EIRP
Effective Isotropic Radiated Power

EPOC
The mobile phone operating system developed by Symbian. Derived from epoch-the beginning of an era-EPOC is a 32-bit operating environment which comprises a suite of applications, customisable user interfaces, connectivity options and a range of development tools

EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Erlang
A dimensionless unit of average traffic density in a telecommunications network

ERMES
Enhanced Radio Messaging System; a paging technology developed by ETSI which was intended to allow users to roam throughout Europe. Adopted by a number of European and Middle Eastern countries, ERMES, like paging in general, was overtaken by the ubiquity of GSM

ERO
European Radiocommunications Office

ERP
Effective Radiated Power

ESMR
Enhanced Special Mobile Radio; a US PMR variant (see SMR)

ESN
Electronic Serial Number; a 32-bit number that uniquely identifies a mobile phone

ESPRIT
European Strategic Programme for Research and Development in Information Technology

ETACS
Extended TACS; the extension of TACS by the addition of new frequencies

ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute: The European group responsible for defining telecommunications standards

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FACCH
Fast Associated Control Channel; similar to the SDCCH but used in parallel for operation of the TCH. If the data rate of the SACCH is insufficient borrowing mode is used

FB
Frequency Correction Burst; used for frequency synchronisation of the mobile

FCC
Federal Communications Commission; the US regulatory body for telecommunications

FCCH
Frequency Correction Channel; downlink only, correction of MS frequencies, transmission of frequency standard to MS etc.

FDD
Frequency Division Duplex; a radio technique which uses paired spectrum; UMTS has an FDD element

FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access-a transmission technique where the assigned frequency band for a network is divided into sub-bands which are allocated to a subscriber for the duration of their calls

FEC
Forward Error Correction

FH
Frequency Hopping

FH-CDMA
Frequency Hopping CDMA

FMC
Fixed Mobile Convergence

FMI
Fixed Mobile Integration

FPLMTS
Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunications System, the original title of the ITU’s third generation concept now known as IMT-2000

FRA
Fixed Radio Access; see WLL

FSDPSK
Filtered Symmetric Differential Phase Shift Keying

FSK
Frequency Shift Keying; a method of using frequency modulation to send digital information

FSOQ
Frequency Shift Offset Quadrature Modulation

FSS
Fixed Satellite ServiceGb
The interface between the PCU and the SGSN in a GSM/GPRS network

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Gc
The interface between the GGSN and the HLR in a GSM/GPRS network

Gd
The interface between the SGSN and the SMSC in a GSM/GPRS network

Gf
The interface between the SGSN and the EIR in a GSM/GPRS network

Gi
The interface between the GGSN and the Internet in a GPRS network

Gn
The interface between the GGSN and the SGSN in a GPRS network

Gp
The interfaces between the GGSN/SGSN and the Border Gateway in a GPRS network

Gr
The interface between the SGSN and the HLR in a GPRS network

Gs
The interface between the SGSN and the MSC in a GSM/GPRS network

GAIT
GSM/ANSI 136 Interoperability Committee

GAP
Generic Access Profile; a DECT term

Gbit/s
A unit of data transmission rate equal to one billion bits per second

GMSC
Gateway Mobile Services Switching Centre; the gateway between two networks

GCF
Global Certification Forum

Geostationary
Refers to a satellite in equatorial orbit above the earth which appears from the surface to be stationary

GERAN
GSM-EDGE Radio Access Network; the name for the evolution of GSM towards 3G based on EDGE

GGRF
GSM Global Roaming Forum

GGSN
Gateway GPRS Support Node; the gateway between a cellular network and a IP network.

GHz
A unit of frequency equal to one billion Hertz per second

GMPCS
Global Mobile Personal Communications by Satellite

GMSK
Gaussian filtered Minimum Shift Keying; a refinement of FSK which minimises adjacent channel interference

GPRS
General Packet Radio Service; standardised as part of GSM Phase 2+, GPRS represents the first implementation of packet switching within GSM, which is a circuit switched technology. GPRS offers theoretical data speeds of up to 115kbit/s using multislot techniques. GPRS is an essential precursor for 3G as it introduces the packet switched core required for UMTS

GPS
Global Positioning System; a location system based on a constellation of US Department of Defence satellites. Depending on the number of satellites visible to the user can provide accuracies down to tens of metres. Now being incorporated as a key feature in an increasing number of handsets

GRX
GPRS Roaming Exchange

GSM
Global System for Mobile communications, the second generation digital technology originally developed for Europe but which now has in excess of 71 per cent of the world market. Initially developed for operation in the 900MHz band and subsequently modified for the 850, 1800 and 1900MHz bands. GSM originally stood for Groupe Speciale Mobile, the CEPT committee which began the GSM standardisation process

GSM MoU
The GSM Memorandum of Understanding, an agreement signed between all the major European operators to work together to promote GSM. The precursor of the GSM Association

GSM-R
GSM-Railway, A variant of GSM designed to meet the special communications needs of international train operators

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Handoff
The transfer of control of a cellular phone call in progress from one cell to another, without any discontinuity

Hands-free
The operation of a cellular phone without using the handset; usually installed in vehicles.

HCS
Hierarchical Cell Structure; the architecture of a multi-layered cellular network where subscribers are handed over from the macro to the micro to the pico layer depending on the current network capacity and the needs of the subscriber

HDLC
High level Data Link Control

HIPERLAN
High Performance Radio Local Access Network; a wireless local area network being standardised by ETSI (Also HIPERLAN2)

HLR
Home Location Register; the database within a GSM network which stores all the subscriber data. An important element in the roaming process

HSCSD
High Speed Circuit Switched Data; a special mode in GSM networks which provides higher data throughput By cocatenating a number of timeslots, each delivering 14.4kbit/s, much higher data speeds can be achieved

HSPSD
High Speed Packet Switched DataIub
The interface between the Node B and the RNC in a UMTS network

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Iur
The interface between RNCs in a UMTS network

Iups
The connection between the RNC and the packet switched network in a GSM/GPRS/UMTS network

Iucs
The connection between the RNC and the circuit switched network in a GSM/GPRS/
UMTS network

I-ETS
Interim European Telecommunications Standard

I-mode
A service developed by Japanese operator NTT DoCoMo, I-mode delivers a huge range of services to subscribers and has proved enormously popular with some 30 million regular users. The revenue sharing model used for I-mode is being adopted by other operators as the basis for the new services enabled by GPRS and 3G

IMEI
International Mobile Equipment Identity

IMSI
International Mobile Subscriber Identity; an internal subscriber identity used only by the network

IMT-2000
The family of third generation technologies approved by the ITU. There are five members of the family: IMT-DS, a direct sequence WCDMA FDD solution IMT-TC, a WCDMA TDD solution IMT-MC, a multicarrier solution developed from cdma2000 IMT-SC, a single carrier solution developed from IS-136/UWC-136 IMT-FT, a TDMA/TDD solution derived from DECT

IN
Intelligent Network

INAP
Intelligent Network Application Part

Internet
A loose confederation of autonomous databases and networks. Originally developed for academic use the Internet is now a global structure of millions of sites accessible by anyone

Intranet
A private network which utilises the same techniques as the Internet but is accessible only by authorised users

IP
Internet Protocol

IPR
Intellectual Property Rights

IPv6
The next generation of IP addressing designed to replace the current system IPv4 which uses a 32 bit address code which limits the number of possible addresses. IPv6 uses a 128 bit code ensuring that the possible number of IP addresses will be virtually limitless

IrDA
Infra red Data Association

Iridium
A low earth orbit satellite communications system developed initially by Motorola.

IS-54
The first evolution in the USA from analogue to digital technology. Used a hybrid of analogue and digital technology, superseded by IS-136

IS-95
Cellular standard know also as cdmaOne

IS-136
Cellular standard also known as TDMA or D-AMPS

ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network

ISO
International Standards Organisation

ISP
Internet Service Provider

ITU
International Telecommunications Union

ITU-R
ITU Telecommunications Radio Sector

ITU-T
ITU Telecommunications Standardisation Sector

IWF
Interworking Function

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Java
A programming language developed by Sun Microsystems Java is characterised by the fact that programs written in Java do not rely on an operating system

JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group

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LAN
Local Area Network

LANS
Local Area Network Services

LAP
Link Access Protocol

LEO
Low Earth Orbit; refers to satellites which orbit the Earth at around 1,000 kilometres

LMSS
Land Mobile Satellite Service

LOS
Line of Sight

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MAC
Media Access Control; the lower sublayer of the OSI system

MAN
Metropolitan Area Network

MAP
Mobile Application Part

Mbit/s
Megabit: a unit of data transmission speed equal to one million bits per second

MHz
Megahertz; a unit of frequency equal to one million Hertz

MCPA
Multi Carrier Power Amplifier

MeXe
Mobile Execution Environment; likely to be based on Java, MeXe enables WAP-enabled devices to offer a wider range of features with greater security and flexibility, as well as greater control of telephony features

MFSK
Multiple Frequency Shift Keying

MMI
Man Machine Interface

MMS
Multimedia Messaging Service; an evolution of SMS, MMS goes beyond text messaging offering various kinds of multimedia content including images, audio and video clips

MMSK
Modified Minimum Shift Keying

MNO
Mobile Network Operator

Modulation
The process of imposing an information signal on a carrier. This can be done by changing the amplitude (AM), the frequency (FM) or the phase, or any combination of these

MoU
Memorandum of Understanding-
see GSM MoU

MPEG
Motion Picture Experts Group; MPEG4 is a technology for compressing voice and video so that the information can be transmitted over normally difficult links such as mobile radio

MS
Mobile Station

MSC
Mobile Switching Centre; the switching centre of a mobile phone network, the MSC has interfaces to the BSCs, HLR, VLR and other MSCs

MSISDN
Mobile Station International ISDN Number

MSK
Minimum Shift Keying; Another term for FFSK

Multiplexing
A telecommunications technique where several channels can be combined to share the same transmission medium. The most common forms are Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)

MVPN
Mobile Virtual Private Network

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N-AMPS
Narrowband AMPS

NB
Normal Burst; used to carry traffic and control channels except RACH

NET
Norme Europeenne de Telecommunications

NMT
Nordic Mobile Telephone system; an analogue cellular technology deployed in the Nordic countries in the late 1970’s; variations were also deployed in the Benelux countries and in Russia. NMT operated in the 450 and 900MHz bands and was the first technology to offer international roaming, albeit only in the Nordic countries

Node B
The element in a UMTS network which interfaces with the mobile station, analogous to a BTS in a GSM network

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OTA
Over the air activation (of services and tariff changes)

O&M
Operations and Maintenance

OMC
Operations and Maintenance Centre

OMC-R
The radio OMC

OMC-S
The switching OMC

OSI
Open Systems Interconnection; a seven layer model for protocols defined by ISO

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PACS
Personal Access Communication System; a digital cordless technology developed initially by Bell Labs in the US, PACS was designed to compete with DECT

Packet switching
A communication system wherein the information is transmitted in packets of a set size. These packets have address headers and find their way to their destination by the most efficient route through the network. Compared to circuit switching where a connection is occupied until the traffic exchange is completed, packet switching offers considerable efficiencies as connections can be used by a number of users simultaneously

PAMR
Public Access Mobile Radio; Commercial service using trunking techniques in which multiple groups of users can set up their own closed systems within a shared public network

PAP
Public Access Profile; a DECT term

PCH
Paging Channel; downlink only, the MS is informed of incoming calls by the BTS via the PCH

PCM
Pulse Code Modulation; the standard digital voice format at 64kbit/s

PCMCIA
Personal Computer Memory Card Interface Association the body responsible for defining the standards and formats for memory expansion cards for laptop computers and PDAs. Now extended to cover cards for mobile phones

PCN
Personal Communications Network; a designation initially used in the UK to refer to networks operating in the 1800MHz band (see also DCS1800). No longer in use

PCS 1900
Personal Communications Systems 1900MHz; the terminology used in the US to describe the new digital networks being deployed in the 1900MHz band; rarely used today

PCU
Packet Control Unit; an element in a GPRS/UMTS network

PDA
Personal Digital Assistant

PDC
Personal Digital Communications; a digital cellular technology developed and deployed uniquely in Japan. A TDMA technology, PDC is incompatible with any other digital cellular standard

PEDC
Pan European Digital Communications; A designation occasionally used in the early 1990’s to describe GSM. No longer in use

Penetration
The percentage of the total population which owns a mobile phone

PHS / PHP
Personal HandyPhone System/Phone; a digital cordless technology developed in Japan which achieved great success. Deployed by NTT DoCoMo and other Japanese operators PHS offered two-way communications, data services and Internet access and eventually won some 28 million customers. Now in decline as cellular’s wide area capabilities offer better service

PIN
Personal Identifier Number

PKI
Public Key Infrastructure

PLMN
Public Land Mobile Network; any cellular operator’s network

PMR
Private Mobile Radiocommunications; two-way radio technology widely used for despatch and delivery services, taxi companies and the like. See TETRA

POCSAG
Post Office Code Standardisation Group; a now defunct industry grouping which standardised pager addressing systems

PoP
Points of Presence; a method of measuring the value of a cellular licence; the approximate number of potential customers within a geographical area

POTS
Plain Old Telephone Service

PROM
Programmable Read Only Memory

PSK
Phase Shift Keying

PSRCP
Public Safety Radio Communications Project; an initiative by the UK Government to standardise all emergency services communications on to a single digital technology (see TETRA)

PSDN
Public Switched Data Network

PSPDN
Public Switched Packet Data Network

PSTN
Public Switched Telephone Network

PSU
Power Supply Unit

PTO
Public Telecommunication Operator

PTT
Posts, Telephone and Telegraph Administration

PTT
Push-to-Talk; a feature of PMR systems

PWT
Personal Wireless Telecommunications; a variant of DECT developed for use in the USA

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QAM
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QAPSK
Quadrature Amplitude Phase Shift Keying

QCELP
Quadrature Code Excited Linear Prediction

QoS
Quality of Service; a broad term to describe the performance attributes of an end-to-end connection

QPSK
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

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RACE
Research in Advanced Communications in Europe

RACH
Random Access Channel; uplink only, allows the MS to request an SDCCH in response to a page or for a call

RAM
Random Access Memory

RFP
Radio Fixed Part; equivalent to a base station in a DECT system

RCC
Radio Common Carrier

RELP
Regular pulse Excitation Linear Prediction coding

Reuse
The assignment of frequencies or channels to cells so that adjoining cells do not use the same frequencies and cause interference whereas more distant cells can use the same frequencies. Reuse expands the capacity of a cellular network by enabling the use of the same channels throughout the network

RP
Radio Part

RNC
Radio Network Controller; the element which controls the Node Bs within a UMTS network. It is roughly analogous to a BSC in a GSM network

Roaming
A service unique to GSM which enables a subscriber to make and receive calls when outside the service area of his home network e.g. when travelling abroad

Router
A device which forwards information in a network on a connectionless basis

RRM
Radio Resource Management, part of the UMTS infrastructure

RT
Remote Terminal

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SACCH
Slow Associated Control Channel; transmits continuous measurements in parallel with operation of TCH or SDCCH; needed for handover decisions

SAR
Specific Absorption Rate

SB
Synchronisation Burst; used for time synchronisation of the mobile

S-CDMA
Synchronous CDMA (see CDMA)

SCH
Synchronisation Channel; downlink only frame synchronisation and identification of base station

SCP
Switching/Service Control Point

SDCCH
Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel; communications channel between the MS and the BTS. Used for signalling during call set-up before a TCH is allocated

SDLC
Synchronous Data Link Control

SDMA
Spatial Division Multiple Access

SGSN
Serving GPRS Support Node; the gateway between the RNC and the core network in a GPRS/UMTS network

SIM
Subscriber Identity Module; A smart card containing the telephone number of the subscriber, encoded network identification details, the PIN and other user data such as the phone book. A user’s SIM card can be moved from phone to phone as it contains all the key information required to activate the phone

SoHo
Small Office/Home Office

Streaming
An Internet derived expression for the one-way transmission of video and audio content

STK
SIM ToolKit: specified within the GSM standard, this allows operators to add additional functions to the phone menu in order to provide new services such as mobile banking or email

SMR
Specialised Mobile Radio; the US term for private mobile radio (See PMR)

SMS
Short Message Service; a text message service which enables users to send short messages (160 characters) to other users. A very popular service, particularly amongst young people, with 400 billion SMS messages sent worldwide in 2002

SMSC
SMS Centre-the network entity which switches SMS traffic

SMSCB
SMS Cell Broadcast

SMS-MO
SMS Mobile Originated

SMS-MT
SMS Mobile Terminated

SMS-PP
SMS Point to Point

SP
Service Provider

SQAM
Staggered Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

SQPSK
Staggered Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

SS
Supplementary Service Support; handles special services

SS7
Signalling System Number 7 (See CCS7)

SSP
Service Switching Point

STM
Synchronous Transfer Mode

Symbian
A company created by Psion, Nokia, Ericsson and Motorola in 1998 with the aim of developing and standardising an operating system which enable mobile phones from different manufacturers to exchange information
The operating system is known as EPOC. Matsushita has subsequently joined Symbian

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TACS
Total Access Communications System (an AMPS variant deployed in a number of countries principally the UK)

TAP
Transferred Account Procedure; the essential charging methodology for international GSM roaming. There have been four TAP standards, TAP1, TAP2, TAP2+ and TAP3. The latter offers variable record length and is sufficiently flexible to support all future requirements arising from the move to 3G

TBR
Technical Basis for Regulation (part of the ETSI standardisation process)

TCH
Traffic Channel

TD-CDMA
Time Division CDMA

TD-SCDMA
Time Division-Synchronous CDMA; a CDMA variant developed by Chinese vendors which is claimed to offer high data rates and greater coverage

TDD
Time Division Duplex; a radio technology for use in unpaired spectrum. WCDMA/UMTS includes a band for TDD mode usage and both PHS and DECT use this technology

TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access; a technique for multiplexing multiple users onto a single channel on a single carrier by splitting the carrier into time slots and allocating these on a as-needed basis

Telematics
A wireless communications system designed for the collection and dissemination of information, particularly refers to vehicle-based electronic systems, vehicle tracking and positioning, on-line vehicle navigation and information systems and emergency assistance

TETRA
Terrestrial Trunked Radio; a European developed digital private mobile radio technology which is now being extensively deployed worldwide

Tetrapol
A competitive digital PMR technology to TETRA developed by French vendors

TFTS
Terrestrial Flight Telephone System

Timeslot
A frame within a TDMA schema; has a time interval of 576 microseconds. Physical content of a timeslot is known as a burst. Five different burst types exist, they are distinguished by different TDMA frame divisions (see NB, FB, SB, AB and DB)

TIPHON
Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonisation over Networks; an ETSI project designed to support the market for voice communications and voice band communications. In particular TIPHON will ensure that users on IP-based networks can communicate with those on circuit switched networks

TMN
Telecommunications Management Network

TMSI
Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity; covers the IMSI to prevent over-the-air interception and tracing

TRAU
Transcoder Rate Adapter Unit; the transport unit for a 16kbit/s traffic channel on the A-bis interface

Tri-band
Refers to a mobile phone able to operate on the three internationally designated GSM frequencies- 900, 1800 and 1900MHz

TrueSync
A technology which enables the optimal synchronisation of calendars, address books, action lists and memoranda. It enables multi-point, one-step synchronisation of wireless and wireline devices, desktop computers and server-based applications and services

TRX
Transmitter/receiver (transceiver)

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UI
User Interface

Um
The air interface between the BTS and the MS in a GSM network

Uu
The air interface between the Node B and the MS in a UMTS network.

UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System; the European entrant for 3G; now subsumed into the IMT-2000 family as the WCDMA technology.

UPN
Universal Personal Number

UPT
Universal Personal Telecommunications

URL
Uniform Resource Locator; the addressing system of the Internet

USO
Universal Service Obligation

UTRA
Universal Terrestrial Radio Access; the air interface component of WCDMA.

UTRAN
Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network; the UMTS radio access network comprising the RNC, Node B and the air interface

USIM
Universal Subscriber Identity Module; the 3G equivalent of the GSM SIM

UWB
Ultra Wide Band

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VAS
Value Added Services

VBR
Variable Bit Rate

VHE
Virtual Home Environment

VLR
Visitor Location Register

Vocoder
Voice coder

VoIP
Voice over Internet Protocol

VPN
Virtual Private Network

VSAT
Very Small Aperture Terminal

VSELP
Vector Sum Excited Linear Prediction

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WAP
Wireless Application Protocol; a de facto standard for enabling mobile phones to access the Internet and advanced services. Users can access websites and pages which have been converted by the use of WML into stripped-down versions of the original more suitable for the limited display capabilities of mobile phones

WARC
World Administration Radio Conference; an ITU conference held at regular intervals to determine the allocation of spectrum for various services

WCDMA
Wideband CDMA; the technology created from a fusion of proposals to act as the European entrant for the ITU IMT-2000 family

WLL
Wireless Local Loop; a technique for providing telephony and low speed data services to fixed customers using wireless. Regarded as having considerably potential for rapidly addressing the telecommunications gap in developing countries. A number of different WLL solutions have been marketed based on cellular and cordless technologies

WLAN
Wireless Local Area Network; a short range radio network normally deployed in traffic hotspots such as airport lounges, hotels and restaurants. WLAN enables suitably equipped users to access the fixed network wirelessly, providing high speed access (up to 11Mbit/s download) to distant servers. The key WLAN technologies are the IEEE802.11 family and ETSI HIPERLAN/2

WML
Wireless Markup Language; a markup language developed specifically for wireless applications. WML is based on XML

WQAM
Weighted Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

WWW
World Wide Web

A

Access control

The process of granting or denying specific requests to: 1) obtain and use information and related to information processing services; and 2) enter specific physical facilities (e.g., Federal buildings, military establishments, and border crossing entrances).

Access control system format

The algorithm that specifies how data transmitted by the system is to be interpreted. The format specifies how many bits make up the data stream and which bits represent different types of information. For example, the first few bits might transmit the facility code, the next few the unique ID number, the next few parity, and so on.

Access management

The processes and technologies for controlling and monitoring access privileges to resources, consistent with governing policies. Access management includes authentication, authorization, trust, and security auditing.

Access right

The privilege or permission for an individual to access a controlled resource or entity (physical or logical).

AES

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known as Rijndael. A block cipher adopted as an encryption standard by the U.S. government.

API

See application programming interface.

Applicant

An individual applying for an identity card/credential. In context of the Federal Personal Identity Verification (PIV) card, the applicant may be a current or prospective Federal hire, a Federal employee, or a contractor.

Application

A hardware/software system implemented to satisfy a particular set of requirements. In the context of FIPS 201, an application incorporates a system used to satisfy a subset of requirements related to the verification or identification of an end user’s identity so that the end user’s identifier can be used to facilitate the end user’s interaction with the system.

Application authority

The entity that defines the rules of the application and attribute disclosure required from a subject to be disclosed in order to provide the service which may be delegated to a service provider.

Application programming interface (API)

A source code interface that a computer system or program library provides in order to support requests for services to be made of it by other computer programs, and/or to allow data to be exchanged.

Asymmetric cryptographic technique

A cryptographic technique that uses two related operations: a public operation defined by public numbers or by a public key and a private operation defined by private numbers or by a private key. (The two operations have the property that, given the public operation, it is computationally infeasible to derive the private operation.)

Asymmetric keys

Two related keys, a public key and a private key, that are used to perform complementary operations, such as encryption and decryption or signature generation and signature verification.

Assurance level

The degree of certainty that the user has presented an identifier (e.g., a credential) that refers to his or her identity. In the context of FIPS 201, assurance is defined as 1) the degree of confidence in the vetting process used to establish the identity of the individual to whom the credential was issued, and 2) the degree of confidence that the individual who uses the credential is the individual to whom the credential was issued.

Attribute

A quality, characteristic or entity that defines properties of a subject (e.g., person), object or element.

Authenticate

To verify (guarantee) the identity of a person or entity. To ensure that the individual or organization is really who it says it is.

Authentication

The process of validating the identity of a person or other entity.

Authentication factors

Pieces of information used to verify a person’s identity for security purposes. The three most commonly recognized factors are:

• Something you know, such as a password or personal identification number (PIN)
• Something you have, such as a credential, card or token
• Something you are, such as a fingerprint or other biometric.

Authorization

The assignment of a privilege or privileges (e.g., access to a building or network) verifying that a known person or entity has the authority to perform a specific operation. Authorization is provided after authentication.

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B

Biometric

A measurable, physical characteristic or personal behavioral trait used to recognize the identity, or verify the claimed identity, of an individual. Facial images, fingerprints, and iris scan samples are all examples of biometrics.

Biometric data

Data encoding a feature or features used in biometric verification.

Biometric information

The stored electronic information pertaining to a biometric. This information can be in terms of raw or compressed pixels or in terms of some characteristic (e.g., patterns).

Biometric reference data

Data stored on the card for the purpose of comparison with the biometric verification data.

Biometric system

An automated system capable of the following:

• Capturing a biometric sample from an end user
• Extracting biometric data from that sample
• Comparing the extracted biometric data with data contained in one or more references
• Deciding how well they match
• Indicating whether or not an identification or verification of identity has been achieved

Biometric template

The formatted digital record used to store an individual’s biometric attributes. This record typically is a translation of the individual’s biometric attributes and is created using a specific algorithm.

Biometric verification

The process of verifying, using a one-to-one comparison, the biometric verification data against biometric reference data.

Breeder document

A document used as an original source of identity to apply for (or breed) other forms of identity credentials.

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C

Capture

The method of taking a biometric sa